BURMA DIGEST

*11.12.2005 

 

Democracy Campaign

Campaign Home

Campaign Pages

Campaign Group

Campaign Links

Burma Digest

 Current issue

2005 editions

Special Collections
 
 

 

The following article contain Burmese words in burmese font. Get Burmese Fonts from http://www.tayzathuria.org.uk/fonts.htm

a[mifaumifrS vlxkqENjyyGJ

 

tydkif;(1)

a[mifaumifjynfol ig;odef; 'Drdkua&pDtjynfht0&&Sda&;twGuf csDwufqENjy

       'Drdkua&pDudk tjynfht0&&Sda&;twGuf a[mifaumifjynfol odef;ESifhcsDI jrdK@vnfacgifwGif 2005 'DZifbm4&ufY ig;em&D=umatmif jidrf;csrf;pGmqENhjy=uonf? vlxkqENjywGifyg0ifolpkpkaygif; ESpfodef;cGJausmf onf[k pnf;&Hk;olrsm;uqdkaomfvnf; ig;odef;xd&dSonf[k tjcm;owif;rsm;uazmfjyonf? qENjy=uaom vlxku a[mifaumifonf 'Drdkua&pDudkcspfjrwfEdk;onf qdkaomwHqdyfrsm;udkuyfxm;=uonf? trsm;pkrSm qENjypmwrf;rsm;udk udkifaqmif=uonfhtjyif teufa&mifudk 0wfqifxm;=uonf?

a[mifaumiftpdk;&. EdkifiHa&; jyKjyiffajymif;vJa&; aemufqHk;tqdkjyKcsufrSm 'Drdkua&pDtjynfht0 &&Sda&;twGuf tvSrf;uGmaeojzifh jynfolvlxktwGif; rauseyfr_rsm;wdk;yGm;vm&mrS pwifcJhonf?

'Drdkua&pD vkdvm;aom jynfolvlxku a[mifaumift=uD;tuJESifh Oya'jyKv$wfawmf wckvHk;udk wdkuf&dkufrJay;ydkifcGifh&&efomru taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJtwGuf tcsdefZ,m;owfrSwf&efudkvnf; awmif;qdk=uonf?

tpdk;&.tpDtpOfrSm t=uD;tuJ a&G;cs,fa&; aumfrwDtzGJ@0iftiftm;udk ESpfqwdk;&efESifh Oya'jyK aumifpDwGif aemufxyf(10)ae&mxyfjznfhjyD; (5)ae&mudkwdkuf&dkufa&G;cs,fcGifhjyK&efjzpfonf? a[mifaumif t=uD;tuJudk tzGJ@0if (800)ygaom aumfrwDu a&G;cs,fjyD; w&kwfjynfrtpdk;&u cef@xm;onf?

avmavmq,fusifhoHk;aeaompepfrSm jAdwdefESifh w&kwfwdk@ oabmwlxm;cJhonfh vl(60)yg0ifaom Oya'jyKaumifpDwGif w0ufudk wdkuf&dkufa&G;cs,fcGifh&jyD; usefw0ufudk w&kwfjynfrrS cef@xm;onf? t=uD; tuJ &mxl;twGuf vGwfvyfpGm rJay;ydkifcGifhr&Sdacs?

vlxkqENjyyGJrSm tvGefta&;ygjyD; =uD;rm;aom EdkifiHa&;ajymif;vJr_ topfwckjzpfvm&ef aemufxyf awmif;qdkr_rsm;&Sdvmrnf[k avhvmoHk;oyfae=uonf? TvlxkqENjyyGJonf a[mifaumiftpdk;&. EdkifiHa&; jyKjyifajymif;vJr_ vwfwavmtpDtpOf twGufomr[kwfyJ w&kwfjynfrtpdk;&udk vlxkqEN wifjy&ef &nf&G,fjcif;jzpfonf?

w&kwftpdk;&onf a[mifaumiftm; aemufqHk;wae@Y 'Drdkua&pD tjynfht0ay;rnf[k uwday; ojzifh 1997ckESpfwGif jAdwdefu a[mifaumifudk w&kwfodk@ v$Jajymif;ay;cJhonf? xdktcsdefrSpI vlxkrSm tajccHOya' [ktrnfay;xm;aom zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHkatmufodk@ a&mufcJhonf? a[mifaumif. udk,fydkif tkyfcsKyfa&;udk jcdrf;acsmufonf[k trsm;tjym;u a0zef=uaoma=umifh tqdkygtajccHOya'. tcsKd@tydkif; rsm;udk oHk;=udrfwdkif ajymif;vJcJhonf? tqdkyg zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHkt& w&kwfjynfrtpdk;&uom a[mifaumif taxGaxG a&G;aumufyGJ tcsdefZ,m;udk qHk;jzwfEdkifonf?

odk@aomf a[mifaumifwGif taxGaxGa&G;aumufyGJudk a&Smifv$JIr&EdkifyJ rjzpfrae &Sd&ayawmhrnf? tcsdefvkajy;v$m;vkyfudkifae&onfh b0rsKd;wGif jynfolvlxk ESpfodef;cGJu vlxkqENjyyGJtwGuf tcsdefay; csDwuf=ujcif;onf a[mifaumifjynfolrsm;u 'Drdkua&pDudk rnfr# jyif;jyif;xefxef vdkcsifaea=umif; jyo vdkufjcif;jzpfonf? vlxka&G;aumufyGJudk a[mifaumifjynfolrsm;uawmif;qdkonfrSm wu,fhvufawG@ trSefw&m;jzpfa=umif; rnfolr# owdrjyKyJraeEdkifyg? vlOD;a& (&)oef;&dSaom a[mifaumifonf w&kwf jynf. 'Drdkua&pDudk udk,fpm;jyKonf? trSefwu,ftm;jzifh w&kwfjynfolvlxktm;vHk;u TqENrsKd; &dS=u onf? xkwfazmfajymqdk&ef tcGifhta&;r&Sdaoma=umifhomjzpfonf? 'Drdkua&pDomv#if a[mifaumif. cdkifcef@tm;aumif;aom pD;yGm;a&;udk xdef;odrf;Edkifrnfh t"duaomhcsufjzpfonf?

a[mifaumift=uD;tuJ Donald Tsang .tpdk;&onf vmrnfh 'DZifbm21 &ufwGif tqdkyg EdkifiHa&;jyKjyifajymif;vJr_udk twnfjyK&ef=udK;yrf;aeonf? Tsang onf ,ckESpf ESpfqef;ydkif;u Tung Chee-Hwa xHrS &mxl;qufcHoljzpfonf? 2003ckESpfuvnf; wnf&SdqJ EdkifiHa&;pepfw&yfudk zsufqD;tm;enf; apjcif;udkumuG,fonfh Oya'tqdkjyKcsufudk a[mifaumifvlxk ig;odef;u t=uD;tus,f uef@uGufqENjycJh =uojzifh jyefvnf&kyfodrf;cJh&onf? a[mifaumif. EdkifiHa&;/ bmoma&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&; vGwfvyfcGifhrsm;udk uef@owfaoma=umifhjzpfonf? wzef 2004ckESpfwGifvnf; a[mifaumifvlxkig;odef;u zGJ@pnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk wGif uwday;xm;onfhtwdkif; rJay;cGifh&a&;twGuf t=uD;tus,f qENjycJh=ujyefonf? xdkudpPa=umifhyif t=uD;tuJjzpfol  Tung Chee-Hwa &mxl;rS E_wfxGufay;cJh&onf?

we*FaEGae@wGif vlxkqENjyjyD; aemufwae@wGif tar&duefEdkifiHu a[mifaumif'Drdkua&pDtay: xm;&Sdonfhrl0g'rSm &Sif;vif;jyD;tajymif;tvJr&Sda=umif;/ a[mifaumifjynfolrsm;onf wurBmvHk;vdkuf emusifhoHk;onfh rJay;ydkifcGifhudk jzpfEdkifor# tjrefqHk;&&Sda&; ESifh 'Drdkua&pDtwGuf tqifoifh jzpfaea&; wdk@rSm ta&;=uD;a=umif;/ rJay;ydkifcGifh tcsdefZ,m;udk jrefjref&v#if ydkaumif;a=umif;wdk@udk tar&duef EdkifiH jcm;a&; 0ef=uD;XmerS xkwfjyefonf? 'Drdkua&pDudk rnfodk@vsifjrefpGm jyKjyifajymif;vJEdkifonf/ rnfodk@aom tcGifhta&;rsKd;wGif ajymif;vJEdkifonf/ rnfodk@aom yHko¾mefjzifh ajymif;vJEdkifonfwdk@rSm a[mifaumif jynfolrsm;. qHk;jzwfcsufjzpfonfudk tar&dueftpdk;&u &Sif;vif;jyD;jzpfonf[k qdkonf?

'Drdkua&pD tjynfht0&&Sda&;twGuf tcsdefZ,m;udk jreffjrefay;&ef tar&duef.awmif;qdkcsufudk w&kwfu rnfodk@r# axmufxm;jcif;r&SdyJ y,fcsvdkufonf?

a[mifaumif txl;tkyfcsKyfa&;a'o. jy\emrSm w&kwfEdkifiH. jynfwGif;a&;jzpfjyD; tjcm;EdkifiH rsm;u 0ifa&mufpGufzufr_udk cGifhrjyKEdkifa=umif; w&kwfEdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef=uD;Xme ajyma&;qdkcGifh&Sdolu ajym onf?

w&kwf0ef=uD;csKyfuvnf; a[mifaumifjynfolrsm;onf wjznf;jznf;jzifh 'Drdkua&pDtoGiful;ajymif; onfh tpDtpOfudk vkdufem=u&rnf[k qdkonf?

odk@aomf w&kwfonf a[mifaumiftm; 'Drdkua&pD tjynfht0 ray;vdkonfhtwGuf vlxku EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifrsm;udk rJay;a&G;cs,fcGifh&rnfh tcsdefZ,m;udkay;&ef 1997ckESpf uwnf;uyif tcsdefqGJ cJhaeonf[k 'Drdkua&pDv_yf&Sm;olrsm;u ajymae=uonf?

w&kwfuGefjrLepfygwDonf tm%mudk vuf0g;=uD;tkyfxm;jyD; ygwDtm;qef@usifr_rSefor#udk cGifhrjyKyJ tkyfcsKyfaeaomfvnf; qef@usifqENjyr_rsm;rSm ae&mwdkif; wdk;yGm;vmonf? ajrydkifqdkifr_udk ta=umif;jyKI aomfvnf;aumif;/ t*wdvdkufpm;r_ odk@r[kwf qif;&J-csrf;omuGm[r_=uD;rmvmjcif;udk ta=umif;jyKI aomfvnf;aumif;/ tjcm;ta=umif;rsm;a=umifhaomfvnf;aumif; ae@pOfyif qENjyqef@usifr_rsm; &Sdaeonf?

1989ckESpfu yDuif;&Sd wD,efeefrif &ifjyifwGif 'Drdkua&pDaxmufcHolrsm;u jidrf;csrf;pGmjzifh qENjy aepOf ppfwyfrS ypfcwfESdrfeif;cJhojzifh jynfolaxmifaygif;rsm;pGm aoqHk;=u&onf?

wD,efeefrif ta&;tcif;tjyD; qENjyolrsm;udk w&kwftpdk;&rS yxrOD;qHk;t=udrf aoewfjzifh ypfcwfESdrfESif;r_udk 2005ckESpf'DZifbm6&ufae@u *Grfa'gif;jynfe,f a'gifZdk;a'o&Sd aus;&GmrS pwifvdkufjyD jzpfonf? t"du&k%f;ESdrfESif;onfh &JwyfzGJ@u aoewfjzifh ypfcwf&m qENjyol tenf;qHk; ESpfOD;rS trsm;qHk; (20)OD;xd aoqHk;cJh&onf[k tjynfjynfqdkif&m vGwfjidrf;csrf;omcGifhtzGJ@u xkwfjyefvdkufonf?

avhvmoHk;oyfolrsm;.ajym=um;csuft& w&kwfuGefjrLepfygwDonf a[mifaumiftm; rxdef;csKyf EdkifrSmudk pdk;&drfaeonf? rJay;ydkifcGifh awmif;qdkr_rsm;onf a[mifaumifrSwwqifh w&kwfjynf usefa'orsm; odk@ ydkrdkjyef@ESH@a&muf&SdvmjyD; ygwDu tm%mxdef;csKyfxm;jcif;udk jcdrf;acsmufvmEdkifaoma=umifh jzpfonf?

 2005 'DZifbm 4&ufrS 9&ufxd a&;om;xkwfjyefaom EdkifiHwumowif;rsm;udk udk;um;jcif;jzpfygonf?

vGifatmifpdk;

 

tydkif;(2)

Ttydkif;(2)onf usaemf. ydkif;jcm;oHk;oyfr_tcsKd@jzpfygonf? usaemfem;vnfEdkifpGrf; &Sdoavmuf udkom tcsdeftenf;i,ftwGif; a&;om;wifjyvdkufjcif;jzpfygonf?

rnfonfhEdkifiHwGifrqdk jynfolltrsm;pk (odk@r[kwf) vlxk.qENudk wpkwpnf;wnf; xkwfazmfjyo jcif;ESifh trsm;pk.qENudk vlenf;pku vdkufavsmay;&jcif;wdk@onf rSefuefaom/ vkyfoifh vkyfxdkufaom tvkyfjzpfygonf? xdkodk@ jynfol@ta&;/ EdkifiHhta&;wGif trsm;qENtwdkif; vdkufavsmay;&jcif;a=umifh t&SHK;ay;&onf[k t"dy`m,frxGufyg? tb,fa=umifhqdkaomf vlenf;pk tm%mydkifwdk@onfvnf; jynfol xJrS jynfolw&yfom jzpfI jynfolESifh wef;wl =unfjzL nDr#pGm aeEdkifonfh tcGifhtcgaumif;=uD;udk =uHKawG@&aoma=umifh jzpfyg onf?

Tae&mwGif usaemfwdk@. tdrfeD;csif;jzpfaom xdkif;EdkifiHrS bk&ifrif;jrwf. 2005 'DZifbm 4&uf ae@u jynfolodk@ wdkuf&dkufajym=um;aom rdef@cGef;xJrS tcsKd@udk udk;um;csifygonf?

"bk&ifudk ra0zef&bl; qdk&if 'Dbk&if[m vlr[kwfawmhbl;vdk@ qdk&rSm jzpfw,f? bk&ifuawmh rSm;aejyDvdk@ wa,mufa,mufu a0zefvmjyDqdk&if 'gudk usaemfodcsifygw,f? rod&bl;qdk&if wckckawmh jy\em jzpfEdkifw,f? bk&ifudk a0zefvdk@ Oya'csKd;azmuf&ma&mufw,fqdk&if tJ'Dbk&if 'kuQa&mufjyD; Zmwfodrf;&vdrfhr,f?"

TonfrSm jynfolwdk@onf acgif;aqmifrsm;udk a0zefykdifcGifh &Sda=umif;udk xdkif;bk&ifu rdrdudk,fudk pHxm;I xdkif;0ef=uD;csKyfESifh tjcm;EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifrsm;odk@ erlemay;vdkufjcif;jzpfonf?

wenf;tm;jzifhqdkv#if acgif;aqmifrsm;u jynfolrsm;twGuf vkyfay;&efusefaeaom udpPrsm;udk ysufuGufaecJhv#if jynfolua0zefydkifcGifh/ awmif;qdkydkifcGifh&Sda=umif; jyovdkufonf[k ,lqrdonf?

20 &mpkESpfrukefrDuwnf;uyif usaemfwdk@.urBm=uD;onf 'Drdkua&pDv_yf&Sm;r_rsm;jzifh Edk;=um;  wuf=uGaecJh&mrS wjznf;jznf;jzifh 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHrsm; toD;oD;xGufay:vmaeonfrSm vl@avmu=uD; twGuf tvGef=unfEl;auseyfp&m aumif;vSonf? wzef'Drdkua&pD &&SdjyD; EdkifiHrsm;uvnf; r&ao;aom EdkifiHrsm;udk vufwGJac:,l tm;ay;ae=uonfrSmvnf; tvGeftm;wufzG,faumif;vSonf? ,ckqdkv#if wurBmvHk;Y uGefjrLepfEdkifiHqdkI ig;EdkifiHomusefawmhonf? tm%m&Sifpepfonfvnf; trsm;u vufrcH aom pepfw&yftjzpf zkwfvd_uf zkwfvd_ufjzifh touf&Sifoefa&;udk toJtoef =udK;yrf;ae&jyD jzpfonf?

a[mifaumifrS vlxkqENjyyGJonf jrefrmh'Drdkua&pDv_yf&Sm;olrsm;twGuf wenf;wvrf;tm;jzifh twk,lp&mjzpfygvdrfhrnf? Oyrmtm;jzifh we*FaEGae@wGif vlxkqENjyyGJjzpfjyD; aemufwae@wGif tar&duefrS a[mifaumif 'Drdkua&pDudk axmufcHtm;ay;onfh xkwfjyefcsufudk azmfjyvdkufjcif;jzpfonf? urBmay:wGif 'Drdkua&pDtjzpfqHk; tar&duefonf wavmu orRw bk&Sf. tm&Sc&D;pOfwGif 'Drdkua&pDESifh vl@cGifhta&;udk us,fjyef@pGm ajymqdkwdkufwGef;cJhonftwdkif; csufcsif;vufiif; tm;ay;axmufcHaeonfudk awG@&onf?

vlOD;a& (&)oef;r#om&Sdaom a[mifaumifwGif vlxkig;odef;u jidrf;csrf;pGmqENjyaom owif;onf urBmhrD'D,modk@ rdepfydkif;twGif;rSm jyef@ES@HcJhonf? 'Drdkua&pDowif;onf urBmhrD'D,mwGif a&yef;pm;qHk; owif;trsKd;tpm;wcktjzpf &yfwnfaea=umif; azmfjyvdkufjcif;jzpfonf? xdk@jyif qufoG,fa&;pepfrsm; acwfrDwdk;wufaeaoma=umifh wdusaom owif;jyef@ES@Hr_udk ydkrdkvsifjrefapjcif;vnf;jzpfonf?

a[mifaumifonf jAdwdo#udkvdkeDatmufrSvGwfajrmufI uGefjrLepf w&kwfjynfr=uD;.atmufodk@ odrf;oGif;cH&aomtcg jAdwdefESifh w&kwfacgif;aqmifrsm;oabmwlcJhonfhtwdkif; 'Drdkua&pDudk wpdwfwydkif; tm;jzifh &&Sdaeao;onf? odk@aomf xdkwpdwfwydkif;udkyif xyfrHzJhxkwfcH&aomtcg jynfol. oD;cHEdkifpGrf;wdk@ ukefqHk;jyDjzpfI aemufqHk;wGif rdrdwdk@wwfEdkif&m vlxkqENjyyGJjzifhom rdrdwdk@.tcGifhta&;udk awmif;qdk& awmhonf? xdk@aemuf wqifhjyD;wqifhwufI tjynfh0qHk;vl@tcGifhta&;udk awmif;qdkvmonfrSm oDtdk&D jzpfonf? TonfrSm a[mifaumifu|ef;wckwnf;omr[kwfyg? wurBmvHk; rnfonfhae&mrqdk tvm;wl jzpfonf?

aemufwckrSm EdkifiHhacgif;aqmifrsm;u ay;cJhaom uwdjzpfonf? rif;rSmuwd/ vlrSm opPm [ktqdk &Sdonfhtwdkif; wdkif;jynfacgif;aqmifvkyfolu uwdwnfrS jynfolu =unfjzLayvdrfhrnf? uwdazmufzsuf &ef =udK;yrf;v#if vlxktiftm;&Sdvmaomtcg tiftm;xkxnfcdkifrmaom vlxkqENjyyGJudk &ifqdkif&ayvdrfh rnf?

'Drdkua&pDqdkonfrSm rdrdwa,mufwnf;twGufr[kwfyJ trsm;ESifh,SOfwGJIxdef;odrf;vdkufem&aom pepfwckjzpfonf? xdk@a=umifh wdusr_vdktyfonf? 'Drdkua&pDawmif;qdkr_ESifh vdkufavsmr_wdkif;wGif oifhwifh aom tcsdefZ,m;onf tvGefta&;=uD;onf?

tar&duefEdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef=uD;XmerS ajyma&;qdkcGifh&Sdolu xkwfjyefaompum;wGif 'Drdkua&pDudk rnfodk@vsifjrefpGm jyKjyifajymif;vJEdkifonf/ rnfodk@aom tcGifhta&;rsKd;wGif ajymif;vJEdkifonf/ rnfodk@aom yHko¾mefjzifh ajymif;vJEdkifonfwdk@rSm a[mifaumif jynfolrsm;. qHk;jzwfcsufjzpfonf [kyg&Sdonf? tvGef rSwfom;zG,f aumif;onf? 

                              ------------------------

 

(AP photo)

Hong Kong Chief Executive Donald Tsang seen applauding at an economic forum in Hong Kong, in this December 1, 2005 file photo. (REUTERS/Bobby Yip)

 

 

 

 

 

March in Hong Kong               

Protesters gather at Victoria Park before a march to demand the universal suffrage in Hong Kong December 4, 2005 .

 

Former Hong Kong Chief Secretary Anson Chan (L) is greeted by protesters as she joins a mass protest demanding universal suffrage in Hong Kong December 4, 2005


* You can search Burma Digest article archives with Google 

Google
WWW http://www.tayzathuria.org.uk/