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rsKd;cspfjynfol@wyfESifh cg;ykdufaqmifwyf

 “1957 ckESpf pufwbFmv(9)&ufae@wGif Armhwyfrawmf wyfrSL;rsm;nDvmcHwGif 0ef}uD;csKyfOD;Eku jynfol@wyfESifh cg;ykdufaqmifwyf cGJjcm;jyD;/ wyfrawmftm; wzGJG@wygwD yk*~Kdvf wOD;wa,muf. vufudkif'kwf cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyfrjzpfapESifh? jynfol@wyfrawmftjzpf ckdifjrJatmifvkyf=u” [laom rdef@cGef;w&yfukd ay;cJh onf/ ,if;rdef@cGef;rSm tcsdeftcg tajcgtaet& rsm;pGmwef;bkd;&Sd;onf? AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef; uG,fvGef usqkH;jyD;uwnf;u wyfrawmfwGif TuJhokd@ rdef@cGef;rsKd;r&SdcJhay?

          xkdrdef@cGef;ukd ta=umif;jyKI AkdvfrSL;csKyfausmfaZmu 16 &uf 9v 1957 ckESpfae@wGif/ aqmif;yg; wapmifa&;I wkdif;jynfESifhwyfrawmfokd@ owif;pmrsm;rS wifjycJhonf? aqmif;yg;rSm atmufygtwkdif; jzpfonf? 

“rsKd;cspfjynfol@wyfESifh cg;ykdufaqmifwyf” 

1957 ckESpf/ pufwbFmv(9)&ufae@ Armhwyfrawmf wyfrSL;rsm;nDvmcHwGif EkdifiHawmf0ef}uD;csKyf. rdef@cGef; onf ta&;}uD;I tcsuftjcmusvSayonf/ u|efawmfwkd@tzkd@&m wyfrawmf}uD;twGuf wygwD wyk*~Kdvf oHa,mZOfuif;aom rsKd;cspfjynfol@wyfrawmftjzpf xm0pOfvkdvm;cJh&m/ 0ef}uD;csKyf. rdef@cGef;onf rsKd;cspf wyfrawmftjzpf vkdvm;=uaom yk*~Kdvfwkdfif;qENESvkH;ukd wkduf&kdufE_d;aqmfay;&musayrnf? wm0efem;vnf &kdaoaom jynfom;wa,muf taejzifh "rR"dÏmefjzifh u|efawmf. tmoDo ukd wifjyvkdygonf? 

“owd&Sdbkdvkd+yD”

0ef}uD;csKyf. rdef@cGefwGif wyfrawmftm; wzGJ@wygwD wyk*~KdvfwOD;wa,muf. =oZmcHcg;ykdufaqmifppfwyf rjzpfapESifh/ pnf;urf;Oya'ukd &kdao=u/ jynfolvlxkukd cspfjrwfEkd;aom jynfol@wyfrawmf}uD; tjzpfukd cH,l=u [laom =o0g'pum;onf wyfrawmf}uD;twGuf tcsdeftcg tajctaeESifh ukdufnD[yfrdvS&kH omru/ xm0pOfvrf;n$efwkdif (Sign Post) ozG,foabmxm;I aqmif&GufoGm;tyfayonf? wyfrawmf om;wkdif xkdrdef@cGef;. tqDtESpfukd em;vnf av;pm;=u&ef vkdtyfayonf? wkdif;jynfuvnf; em;vnf owd&Sdzkd@ vkdtyfayonf? 

“ta=umif;rJhrajym”

 Txl;jcm;aom rdef@cGef;ukd ,ckvkdtcsdeftcgwGif ta=umif;rJhay;rnfr[kwfay? ta=umif;pkHukd jrifawG@ae &aom EkdifiHacgif;aqmif wa,muftaejzifh tcsdeftcg tajctaet& ajymoifhajymxkdufIom ajymjcif; jzpfayvdrfhrnf? 

“cg;ykdufaqmifwyf”

wzGJ@wygwDwyk*~Kdvf. vufukdif'kwf/ cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyf. oabmrSm jynfolvlxktusKd;twGuf umuG,f rnfr[kwf? ukd,fpm;jyK&m tzGJ@ygwDESifh yk*~KdvftusKd;ukd umuG,frnfr[kwf? ukd,fpm;jyK&m tzGJ@ygwDESifh yk*~KdvftusKd;ukd umuG,fay;vdrfhrnf? udkf,fpm;jyK&m ygwDyk*~Kdvfonf jynfolvlxkukd qef@usifayvdrfhrnf/ rnfokd@aomta=umif;a=umifhjzpfap/ wkdif;jynf. }uD;rm;aom vufeuftiftm;pkkjzpfonfh jynfolykdif wyfrawmf}uD;onf/ wzGJ@wygwD wyk*~Kdvf. cg;ykdufaqmifwyf tjzpftaumiftxnf &kyfvkH;ay:vmcJhaomf Twkdif;jynfwGif 'Drkdua&pDqdwfokef;+yD; vlwkdif;. *kwfay: 'g;0Jjcif;cH&zkd@om &Sdayrnf? 

“zufqpfekdifiHtjzpf” 

wzGJ@wygwDwyk*~Kdvf. vufukdif'kwf cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyfoabmrSm/ jynfolvlxktusKd;twGuf umuG,f rnfr[kwf/ ukd,fpm;jyK&mtzGJ@ygwDESifh yk*~KdvftusKd;ukdomumuG,fay;vdrfhrnf? ukd,fpm;jyK&m ygwDyk*~Kdvfonf jynfolvlxktusKd;ukd qef@usifv#if xkdwyfrawmfonfvnf; jynfolvlxkudkvnf; qef@usifayvdrfhrnf? aemufqkH;wGif wzGJ@wygwD yk*~KdvfwOD;tusKd; twGuf bmrqkdvkyf=u&vdrhfrnf? Tenf;jzifh wpwp ppf0g'v$rf;rkd;aom zufqpfEkdifiHtjzpfokd@ usa&mufEkdifavonf? 

“*syefjynfwGif”

teD;uyfqkH;jrif&aom om"uwckrSm *syefjynfwGif ppfzufu wefckd;tm%m wpwp}uD;rm;vm+yD; EkdifiHa&; tm%mukdyg ppf0g'v$rf;rkd;vm=uI zufqpfEkdifiHtjzpf a&mufcJhojzifh *syefjynftwGuf‚if;/ tm&Swkduf wwkdufvkH;twGuf‚if;/  rnfuJhokd@ twd'kuQa&mufcJh&onfukd jrifawG@&avonf/ xkd@a=umifh Tta&;ukd owday;[ef@wm;aom 0ef}uD;csKyf. rdef@cGef;onf vlwkdif;av;pm; *&kjyK&ef ta&;}uD;ayonf? 

“16ESpfoufwrf;”

wyfrawmfukdjyef=unfhvkdufv#if vuf&Sdwyfrawmf}uD;ay:aygufvmaom oufwrf;onf (16) ESpf&Sday+yD/ xkd (16) ESpf oufwrf;twGif; wyfrawmf. xm0&jzpfpOfukd qef;ppf=unfhapvkdonf?

vuf&Sdwyfrawmf}uD;onf ab;bkd;tpOftqufu pwif+yD; u|efawmfwkd@tarG&cJhaom wyfrawmf }uD; r[kwfcJhay? wzGJ@wygwD/ wOD;wa,mufu wnfaxmifzGJ@pnf;cJhaom cg;ykdufaqmif ppfwyfvnf; r[kwfcJhay? u|efawmfwkd@ jynfaxmifpk}uD;onf +Adwdo#vufatmuf tESpf(100)ausmf u|efb0a&muf ae&mrS &kef;xGufvGwfajrmuf&ef vGefcJhaom(16)ESpfausmfu jynfolvlxkw&yfvkH; vufeufpGJukdif awmfvSef =uaom ArmhvGwfvyfa&;wyfrawmf}uD;rS tqifhqifhaygufyGg;vm+yD; ,ckvuf&Sdwyfrawmf}uD; tjzpfukd a&mufcJh&ayonf?         

“wkdufyGJ}uD;rsm;”

wyfrawmf}uD;onf ol.(16)ESpf oufwrf;wGif ArmhvGwfvyfa&;twGuf‚if;/ vGwfvyfa&;&+yD;aemuf vGwfvyfa&;ukd xdef;odrf;a&;twGufaomf‚if;/ &mZ0ifajymifaom rsm;pGmaom wkdufyGJ}uD;rsm;ukd ausmfjzwf cJh&ayonf? 

“atmifyGJcHcJh+yD”

TwkdufyGJ}uD;rsm;wGif ol. oufwrf;ESifhrvkduf/ t&G,fyrm% t&nftcsif;tawG@t}uHKwkd@ESifh rr#avmuf atmif cufcJvSaom wkdufyGJrsm;ukdvnf; ausmfjzwfatmifyGJqifcJhayonf?

wyfrawmf}uD; ausmfjzwfcJh&aom wkdufppfwvif;rsm;wGif jynfolvlxkxJrS rsm;pGmaom rsKd;cspf yk*~Kdvfrsm;/ vli,fvl&G,frsm; usqkH;cJh&ayonf/ wyfrawmf.bcifjzpfaom AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef; yifv#if usqkH;cJh&ayonf?

okd@jzifh wyfrawmf}uD;onf ol.oufwrf;twGif; ArmhvGwfvyfa&;twGuf &mZ0ifuay;aom ppfa&;wm0ef}uD;rsm;ukd rsm;pGmaom touf/ aoG; ac|;wkd@jzifh vJI atmifjrifpGmausmfjzwfcJhayonf? 

“wyfrawmf}uD;ay:cJhykH”

xkd@a=umifhaemufa=umif;jyef=unfhcJhaomf/ Twyfrawmfonf tb,fuJhokd@ay:aygufvmoenf;? wzGJ@wygwD wyk*~KdvftusKd;twGuf/ wzG@JwygwDu wnfaxmifzGJ@pnf;cJhaom wyfrawmf}uD;r[kwfcJhay? wyfrawmf}uD; onf jynfolwkd@. vGwfvyfa&;twGuf jynfolwdk@xHrS ay:xGufvmcJhaom jynfolwkd@. Wyfrawmfom jzpfonf? rsKd;cspfjynfolwkd@ tb,fa=umifh rdrdwkd@. ukd,fusKd;pGefI toufaoG;ac|;wkd@ukdpGef@I vufeuf ukdif+yD; wkdufyGJ0ifcJhygoenf;? &mZ0iforkdif;csDI yifukd,fpdwf"gwfcHjzpfaom rdrdwkd@. vGwfvyfa&;ukd cspfjrwf Ekd;onfh rsKd;cspfpdwf"gwfjzpfayonf? wygwDyk*~KdvfwOD;wa,muf tusKd;twGuf touf pnf;pdrfukd pGefv$wfcJh =ujcif;r[kwfay? 

“ yk*~KdvfukdcspfIr[kwf”

wzef tb,fha=umifh oufwrf;EkvSaom wyfrawmfonf tiftm;yrm% rr#aom &efolwkd@tay: atmifyGJ qifEkdifcJhygoenf;? ,cktxd rarmryrf; Zufwkduf wkdufyGJ0ifEkdifygoenf;? ta=umif;um; vlxkwGif cGeftm; t}uD;qkH;jzpfaom rskd;cspfpdwf"gwfa=umifhomjzpfayonf? wzGJ@wygwD wyk*~Kdvfukd cspfjrwfEkdf;aom oHa,mZOf pdwf"gwfa=umifh r[kwfygay? 

“rsKd;cspfpdwf"gwf”

okd@jzifhwyfrawmf}uD; ay:aygufvmjcif;/ atmifyGJrsm;cH,ljcif;/ atmifyGJtwGuf ukd,fusKd;pGefvGwfcJh=ujcif; ponfwkd@onf/ wzG@JwygwD wyk*~Kdvfukd cspfjrwfEkd;I r[kwfay/ rdrdtwGuf vGwfvyfa&;ukdjrwfEkd;aom rsKd;cspfpdwf"gwfa=umifhomjzpfayonf?

          vlwkd@wGif rskd;cspfpdwf"gwfonf wefckd;pGrf;tm;}uD;rm;vSayonf? urBmorkdif;wav#mufwGif }uD;Ekdif i,f!SOf;cJhaom ppfyGJrsm;jzifh¹yGrf;wD;v#uf&Sd&m/ vlrsKd;wkdif; rnfr#yifao;vifhum; rdrdvlrsKd; ryaysmufatmif xdef;odrf;vmEkdifcJhaom pGrf;tm;rSm rsKd;cspfpdwf"gwfyifjzpfayonf? 

“cg;ykdufatmifwyfjzpfv#if”

TuJhokd@obm0vnf;us tpOftvmvnf;jzpfaom atmifyGJwkd@. t&if;cHvnf;jzpfaom rsKd;cspfpdwf"gwfukd ausmfv$m;+yD;/ wenf;tm;jzifh wkdif;jynfvlxkukd cspfjrwfEkd;aom pdwf"gwfukdab;z,f+yD; wzGJ@wygwD  yk*~Kdvf wOD;wa,muf. vufukdif'kwf cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyftjzpf zefwD;&kyfvkH;az:jyrnfqkdv#if wyfrawmf. &mZ0ifajymifcJhaom tpOftvmukdvnf; y,fz,f&m usa&mufavonf?

          wkdif;usKd; jynfusKd;aqmif wkdif;cspf jynfcspfwyfrawmf}uD;tjzpfrS av#mus ESdrfhqif;&ayrnf?

          rsKd;cspfpdwfacgif;yg;+yD; usOf;ajrmif;aom ukd,fusKd;pD;yGg;ukdom a&S@&_rnfhwyfrawmftjzpfokd@ usa&muf oGm;&ayrnf?

TwyfrawmfrsKd;onf pnf;urf;pepfukd‚if;/ w&m;Oya'ukd‚if;/ trsm;qEN'Drkdua&pDw&m;ukd‚if;/ jynfol vlxkukd‚if;/ &kdaoav;pm;=urnfr[kwf? rdrdudk,fpm;jyK&m wzG@JwygwD wyk*~Kdvf. trdef@=oZmukdom emcH av;pm;=uvdrfhrnf? 

“wkdifjynf &efoltjzpf”

Tokd@aomwyfrsKd;onf wpwp pGrf;&nfowdWavsmhusvm+yD; ,cifuuJhodk@ atmifyGJrsm;ukd ay;Ekdifawmhrnf r[kwfay? ta&;}uKHv#if wkdif;jynftm;‚if;/ xkd@jyif ‚if;wkd@ukd,fpm;jyK&m wzGJ@wygwD wOD;wa,mufukd‚if;/ ‚if;wkd@ukd,fwkdifyif‚if;/ umuG,fay;Ekdifrnfr[kwfacs? aemufqkH;wGif rnfolukdrS umuG,fay;Ekdifrnf r[kwfbJ/ vufudkif 'kwfcg;ydkufaqmifwyftjzpf wkdif;jynf.&efoltjzpfokd@ usa&mufoGm;Ekdifayonf? 

“ jynfcspfrsKd;cspfpdwf”

txufygwkd@ukdaxmufxm;+yD; TvGwfvyfa&;ukd ta=umif;jyKI ay:aygufvm&aom wyfrawmf. orkdif; pOfvmESifh rl&if;&nfrSefcsufrsm;ukd axmufxm;I‚if;/ vGwfvyfa&;twGuf udkf,fusKd;pGefcJh&aom tmZmenf jynfolwkd@ukd axmufxm;I‚if;/ ,cktxd wyfrawmfu atmifyGJrsm;xlvmEkdifcJhaom wefckd; pGrf;tm;}uD; onfh rsKd;cspfpdwf. aus;Zl;tmedoifukd em;vnf=ujcif;jzifh‚if;/ cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyf &kyfvkH;ay:cJhaomf  jzpfysufvmEkdifrnfh wkdif;jynfESifhwyfrawmftay: usa&mufvmEkdifaom ab;tEW&m,fwkd@ukd axmufxm; I‚if;/ vuf&Sdwyfrawmf}uD;onf wygwD wyk*~Kdvf. =oZmcH cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyf tjzpf &kyfvkH;ay:xGuf rvmapatmif umuG,f&eftwGuf‚if;/ tpOftvmjzpfvmaom wkdif;cspfjynfcspf rskKd;cspfpdwf"gwfukd tpOft+rJ xdefodrf;&ef‚if;/ rnfr#ta&;}uD;onfukd odjrifEkdif=uayonf?

          Twm0efrSm wyfrawmfwGifomru vlwkdif;twGif tenf;trsm;wm0ef&Sdayonf? 

“wm0ef&Sdolrsm;”

xdyfqkH;wm0efcHtpkd;&wGif‚if;/ wyfrawmfppfacgif;aqmifrsm;wGif‚if;/ wyfrawmftwGif;&Sd tqifhtwef; trsKd;rsKd;&Sd=uonfh &Jabmfwkdif;wGif‚if;/ wkdif;oljynfom;rsm;wGif‚if; wm0ef&Sdayonf? 

“ta&;}uDaom rdef@cGef;”

xkd@a=umifh 0ef}uD;csKyf. wzGJ@wygwD wyk*~Kdvf. =oZmcH cg;ykdufaqmifwyfrjzpfapESifh/ jynfolwyfrawmftjzpf ckdif+rJatmifvkyf [laom ,ckESpf wyfrSL;nDvmcHrdef@cGef;onf/ wyfrawmfwGifomru wkdifjynftwGufyg ta&;}uD;aom rdef@cGef;jzpfonf?

          u|Ekfyfwkd@onf tEW&m,f}uDvSaom cg;ykdufaqmifppfwyfrjzpf&atmif umuG,f&ef‚if;/ rsKd;cspf jynfol@wyfrawmf}uD; tjzpfxdef;odrf;&ef‚if;/ ta&;}uD;aomwm0efjzpfa=umif; vlwkdif;od&SdowdjyK=u&ef txl;ojzifh wyfrawmf}uD;u ykdrkd*&kjyK=uap&ef/ jynfoljynfom; wa,muftaejzifh xyfrHE_d;aqmf owday; a&;om;wifjy&onf? 

“a0befr_ta&;}uD;onf”

Tae&mwGifa&;om;vkdaom ta=umif;wcsufrSm u|efawmf+Adwdefokd@ a&mufpOfu yk*~KdvfwOD;u ajymbl; ygonf? +Adwdo#wyfrawmf}uD; wkd;wufajymif;vJvmjcif;rSm olwdkd@ppfAkdvfcsKyf}uD;rsm;ESifh tpkd;& acgif;aqmif }uD;rsm;u jyKjyifzefwDjcif;a=umifh r[kwf/ +Adwdefjynfoljynfom;rsm;ESifh +Adwdo#ygvDrefwkd@. vGwfvyfpGm a0befyJhjyifay;r_a=umifhvnf;jzpfonf[k qkd.?

          a0bef wdujyKjcif;/ t}uHay;jcif;wkd@onf jyKjyifwkd;wufa&;wkd@twGuf vufeuftiftm;yif jzpfavonf?

          u|efawmfwkd@wkdif;jynfwGif ukdvkdeDacwf. taiG@touf t&Sdeftapmf usef&pfcJhr_a=umifh jzpf[efwl onf/ ppfwyfqkdv#if ab;z,fvpfvsL&_csif=uonf? tpkd;&acgif;aqmifrsm;yifv#if/ ppfwyfukdcyfcGgcGg qufqH cJhonf? xif&Sm;onfrSm txufyg 0ef}uD;csKyf.rdef@cGef; wae&mwGif “tpkd;&taejzifh wyfrawmf}uD; twGuf vkdtyfaomaiG&Smay;+yD;/ aumif;atmifvkyf=uuGm ajym&kHrSwyg;/ bmrSrwwfEkdif” [kaz:jyxm;onf?

+AdwdefwGif xkdokd@r[kwfay? olwkd@onf wyfrawmfukd  csDusL;p&m&Sdv#if csD;usL;I a0zefp&m&Sdv#if a0zef=uonf? Tokd@a0zefjcif;/ t}uHay;jcif;wkdukd wyfrawmftaejzifhvnf; rdrdwkd@aumif;&maumif;usKd; twGuf em,loifhonfwkd@ukd em,l=up+rJjzpfavonf?

          ,cktcgArmjynfwGif  wyfrawmftm; ygvDrefY‚if;/ owif;pmrsm;wGif‚if;/ pwif+yD;tawmfyif a0zefjcif;/ t}uHay;jcif;rsm; wpwp jyKvm=uay+yD?

          Ttjcif;t&mwkd@onf u|efawmfwkd@. umuG,fa&;wyfrawmf}uDtbkd@ wkd;wuf&mwkd;wuf a=umif;twGuf tiftm;w&yftjzpf pwifjzpfxGef;vmjcifjzpfI aus;Zl;wifzG,fyifjzpfavonf? 

“wkdif;jynfonf wyfrawmftwGufr[kwf

wyfrawmfonf wdkif;jynftwGufomjzpfonf ”

                              (AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef; rdef@cGef;aqmifyk'f) 

AkdvfrSL;csKyfausmfaZm

(&JabmfoHk;usdyf0if)

(16 7uf 9v 1957 ae@xkwf owif;pmrS jyefvnfazmfjyonf) 

rSwfcsuf?  awmfvSefa&;ae@udk *k%fjyKaomtm;jzifhvnf;aumif;/ vuf&Sd jrefrmhwyfrawmfom;tm;vHk;ESifh jynfwGif;jynfy jrefrmrsm;tm; zwf&_apvdkaom qENa=umifhvnf;aumif; av;pm;&ygaom tbAdkvfcsKyf ausmfaZm xHcGifhawmif;cH&ef ta=umif;nDnGwfr_r&Sdao;yJ  Taqmif;yg;udk azmfjyvdkuf&ygonf?

(tb usef;rmygap)  

aZ,s / t,f'Dwm (bmrm;'dkif*sufpf)

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