30.07.2006
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Join Democracy for Burma Alliance
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Read the following in Win-Innwa font.
,aeU ppfwyf... bmawGjzpfaeovJ (1)
... ... ...jrefrmjynf\ pmoifausmif;ESifh wuúodkvfrsm; ydwfcsnf? zGifhcsnf jzifh ausmif;om; vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;? &[ef;oHCmESifh vlxkvIyf&Sm; rIrsm; jzpfwdkif; ausmif;om;wdkU\ ynma&;udkom ydwfqdkUzsufqD; wm;jrpfjcif; cHae&csdef........../
EdkifiHa&;u rwnfNidrf? pD;yGm;a&; usqif;rI rkefwdkif;uvnf; rMumcP wdkufcwf arTaESmuf aomaMumifU ukefaps;EIef; yrmPu twufom&SdNyD; tus[lonf rMum;zl;csdef..
xdktcsdef xdkumv twGif;? jrefrmjynf\ awmifay:NrdKUwpfNrdKUwGif wnf&Sdaom txifu& ausmfMum;vSonfU wuúodkvfBuD; wpfcktwGif;0,f þodkUaom jzpfpOfjzpf&yfrsm; pOfqufrjywf jzpfay:aeonf udkawGU&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/
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}auG;.. .. ..qefU .. .. wpf }
}auG; .. .. ..qefU.. .. ESpf }
a<ujym; teDrsm;jzifh wefqmqif xm;onfU oHk;xyfrS av;xyfxd jrifhaom Adkvfavmif; tdyfaqmifrsm; Mum;&Sd Adkvfavmif;rsm; pkaygif; wef;pDuGif; twGif;rS trdefUay;oHrsm;ESifh oHNydKif atmf[pfoHrsm; jzpfygonf/ xdkuJhodkUaom toHrsm;udk reuf? nae pkaygif;wef;pDcsdefrsm; twGif; yHkrSefMum;&avh&SdNyD; ? pae? we*FaEG ausmif;ydwf&uf twGif;wGifrl waeukefeD;yg; Mum; ae&av h&Sdaom atmfoH ? [pfoHrsm; jzpfayonf/
auG; ? qefU [lí cdkif;ap trdefUay;aeolrsm;rSm ppfwuúodkvf Adkvfavmif; pwkxåESpf pDeD,mrsm;jzpfMuNyD;? 4if;wdkU atmfonfU trdefU twdkif; vufaxmufarSmuf ('dkufxdk;jcif;) yHkpHjzifh ajrBuD;ay:axmufxm;aom vufESpfbuftm; ? yifyef;EGrf;e,fpGmjzifh auG;csnf? qefUcsnf vdkufvkyf&if; atmf[pfí trSwfpOf &GwfqdkaeMuolrsm;rSm aemifwpfacwf\ atmifppfonfrsm; jzpfvmMurnfU ppfwuúodkvf (Defence Services Academy) ac: D.S.A \ yxrESpf oifwef;om; Adkvfavmif; vli,fav;rsm; jzpfMu\/
ppfwuúodkvf \ pkaygif;wef;pDuGif;BuD;rSm tvQm;ay(500)ESifh teHay (300) cefU&SdNyD; jyefUjyL;aom uGefu&pfcif; av;axmifhuGif;BuD;jzpf\/ ywfywfvnfwGif tvSuGufrsm;jzifh wefqmqifxm;aom yef;abmifBuD;rsm; tpDt&D wnf&SdNyD; ? 4if;abmifrsm; xJwGif &moDtvdkuf pdkufysdK;xm;aom a&mifpHkyef; trsdK;rsKd;wdkUrS ta&mifpHk tvSpHk wdkU\ &Icif;yom' ESifh uGif;jyifBuD;twGif;rS atmfoH? [pfoH ? aigufief;oH? EGrf;vQ yifyef;pGm vIyf&Sm;[efwdkUrSm b,fvdkenf;jzifhrS qufpyfír&Edkifaom tvSESifh tusnf;wefrI wdkYyifjzpfayonf/
xdkjrifuGif; xdktcsif;wdkUrSm D.S A. \ r&dk;edkifaom aeUpOf jzpf&yfwdkY om jzpf\/ ppfwuúodkvf \tkyfcsLyfrI tpOftvmt& pDeD,mAdkvfavmif;u *sLeD,m Adkvfavmif;udk BuD;MuyftkyfcsKyf&NyD;? tjypfwpHkw&m awGU&Sdaom tcgrsm;0,f þuJhodkU tjypfay;jcif; rsdK; rMumcP jyKavY&Sdonf/ pDeD,mAdkvfavmif;\ enf;trsdK;rsdL;jzifh tjypfay;jcif;rsm;udk *sLeD,m Adkvfavmif; rsm;u &dkaousdK;EGHpGm? aMumuf&GHUaom rsufESmay;av;rsm; jzifhvdkufem vkyfaqmif&\/ tjypfay;enf; trsdL;rsdL;udk enf;pepfwus twdkif; vdkufygvkyfaqmif&ef jiif;qefjcif;? zDqefjcif;? uvefuqef vkyfjcif; jyKrdol *sLeD,m yxrESpf (first year cadet) Adkvfavmif;onf txuftrdefUudk remcHjcif;? tmPm zDqefjcif; [laomjypfrIjzifh ? tjcm; BuD;av;aom jypf'gPfrsm;? &Hk;wifíppfaq; ta&;,ljcif; ? ppfbufOya'jzifh ta&;,lcH&jcif; paom tawmrowfonfU jypf'gPfrsm;u rdk;usa&Tudk,frsm;ES,f a&mufvmrnfjzpf\/ xdkUtjyif pdwf"gwf cH,lcsufatmufwef;usaom pDeD,m Adkvfavmif; tcsdLU\ tNidK;aw;zGJU &efndK; xm;jcif;udk cH&rnfjzpfNyD;? tjypfr&Sd tjypf&SmcH &jcif;rsm;pGm MuHKawGU &awmhrnfjzpf \/ tcsdefMum vmonfESifh trQ xdkAdkvfavmif;onf pdwf"gwf usqif;vm&NyD; aemufqHk;wGif *sLeD,m yxrESpf (first year cadet) b0rSxGufajy; um ppfajy;? 0&rf;ajy; b0odkU a&mufoGm;rnfjzpf\/
þa&GUþrQtxd qdk;usdK; oufa&muf apEdkifaom trdefUremcHrI qdkonfUjypfrIudk Adkvfavmif; oifwef; om;wdkif; u aMumuf&GHU MuonfrSm rqef;ygay/
tjypfay; cHae&olrsm; xJwGif vufaxmufarSmufolu arSmuf ? *Rrf;xdk;oluxdk; ? zg;ckef [kac:aom zg ;wpfaumif uJUodkUckefqG ? ckefqG ckefoluckef trsdKK;rsdKK;tpHkpHk yHkpH wdkUudk awGUMu& rnfjzpfonf? yg;pyfrSvnf ;..wpf.. ..ESpf .. .. oHk; ponfjzifh trSwfpOfrsm; atmf[pfaeMu\/ wcsdKKUaom Adkvfavmif;rsm;u = ..[kwf.. .. r[kwf [laom toH eufBuD; rsm;jzifh pDeD,m Adkvfavmif;\ tar;udk ajzMum;aeyHkudk vnf;awGU&ayrnf/
wef;pDuGif;BuD;\ ta&SUbuft&yf uGif;xdyfrsufESmpm rS wyfrawmf (Munf; ? a& ? av) ppfom;oHk;OD;\ vufwGJaz:? twl,SOfwGJ ae[ef yvmpwm &kyfwkBuD; rsm; uvnf; tvGef cefUxnfpGmjzifU ? MuD;us,f crf;em;vSaom Adkvfavmif; tdyfaqmifrsm; ESifhtNydKif yPm& wifhw,f vSayonf/ (,ckawmU aMu;&kyfwkBuD;awG jzpfoGm;yg NyD) /
ppfwuúodkvf\ y&0kPf twGif;b,fae&m MunfUMunfU oyf&yfoefU&Sif;pGmjzifh wnfaqmuf rGrf;rHxm;\/ Adkvfavmif;tdyfaqmif rsm;\ ta&SUrS ywfí azgufvkyfxm;aom ukef;jrifh rdkUrdkUav;tay: auGU0dkuf armif;ESif &onfU armfawmfum; vrf;rSmvnf; uGefu&pfjzifh pepfwus nDnmpGm oGef;avmif; xm;\/ um;vrf;\ wbuf wcsufwGifvnf; pepfwus pdkufysdK; xm;onfU pdefyef;eDyif ?pdefyef;jymyifESifh awmifay:a'o\ ydawmufyef; [k ac:Edkifaom yef;cs,f&Dyif wdkUuvnf; tpDt&D .../
pdefyef;jymyGifhwdkU a<uvGifhcsdefjzpfaomaMumifh pdefyef;jymyif wdkU\ tajc um;vrf; w0dkufonff tjyma&mif tyGifhwdkUjzifU? &Icif;yef;csDum; wpfcsyfrS tjyma&mif aq;pufwdkU BuJyuf xm;onfU[ef ? awmifay:a'o\ obm0 &moDOwk twdkif; aumif;uif jymjymBuD; uvnf; jym .. pdefyef;yGifha<u wdkUuvnf;jym.. t&m&monf tjyma&mif vTrf;aom aq;a&mifpHk yef;csDum; wpfcsyfES,fygyif /
awmifay:a'o\ &moDOwkuvnf; avat;ay;puf wyfqifp&m rvdkbJ at;jr csrf;pdrfhae\/ avEkat;at;av;rsm;\ vwfqwfoefU&Sif;rIESifh twl arT;ysHU oif;xHkaom yef;&eHU wdkUuvnf; pGJrufzG,fawmifay:a'o\ tvSudk ay:vGifxif&Sm;apayonf/
tqdkyg jrifuGif; ? &Icif;wdkUonf jrefrmEdkifiH ? rEåav;wdkif; twGif;&Sd ? arNrdKU? yef;NrdKUawmf? awmifavScg;NrdKUawmf? ESif;NrdKUawmf? jyifOD;vGif [k? ig;rnf&NrdKUawmf jyifOD;vGifNrdKU wGif wnf&SdonfU( ta&SUawmif tm&SwGif wpfckwnf;aom urÇmUtqifhrDS ppfwuúodkvf) [k jrefrm ppfwyftwGif; 0g'jzefU xm;onfU (Defence Services Academy) ac: D.S.A \ aEGaESmif; &ufwpf&uf jrifuGif; yifjzpfygonf/
ppfwuúodkvf onf jrefrmhwyfrawmf ac: jrefrm vufeufudkif ppfwyf twGuf ppfAdkvft&m&Sd? ppfacgif;aqmif i,frsm; arG;xkwf oifMum;ay;ae&m ppfoifwef; ausmif;BuD; wpfckjzpf\/ 1950 ckESpf vGefrsm;rS pwifwnfaxmifcJhNyD; jrefrm vufeufudkif ppfwyf twGuf ppfrIxrf; t&m&Sdaygif; 30000 ausmfrQ avhusifharG;xkwfcJhNyD; jzpf\/ ,aeU vuf&Sd jrefrmppfwyf wGif 'kwd, wyfrawmf umuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKKyf tjzpf tmPm &,l qkyfudkifxm;qJ jzpfaom 'kwd,AdkvfcsKKyfrIK;BuD; armifat; onf tqdkyg D.S.A ac: ppfwuúodkvf yxrywf Adkvfavmif; oifwef;qif; t&m&Sd wpfOD;jzpfonf/ xdkUtjyif ppfwyf\ vwfwavm ta&;yg t&ma&mufaom wdkif;rSL;? wyfrrSL; &mxl;rsm;? Xme? ae&m tawmf rsm;rsm;udkvnf; ppfwuúodkvfqif; t&m&Sd rsm;uomOD;pD;í vTrf;rdk; csKKyfudkif xm;onfudk awGU&rnfjzpf\/
,aeUjrefrmh wyfrawmf tay: OD;pD;BudK;udkif cs,fvS,faeaom ppfAdkvfcsLyf rsm;? wyfrawmf acgif;aqmifrsm;onf jrefrmvufeufudkif ppfwyfudk tiftm; tjzpf toHk;jyKí? jrefrmEdkifiH tay: ppftmPm&Sif pepfjzifh zdEdSyftkyfcsKyfcJhonfrSm 1988 ckESpf (jrefrmwEdkifiHvHk; tHk<uí 'Drdkua&pD awmif;qdkyGJBuD; jzpfyGm;aomESpf) rSpwifí ,aeUxdwdkifyif jzpf\/ ,aeU2006ckESpf jrefrmEdkifiH\ EdkifiHwum rsufESmpmwGif acgif;raz: 0HUatmif jzpfae&onfUvuf&Sd tajctae\ taMumif;&if; rSefudk jrefrmjynfol? jynfom;rsm;ESifh urÇmUjynfol wpf&yfvHk; od&SdrSom jrefrmjynf\ tem*wf tvm;tvm aumif;rGefvm EkdifzG,f &Sdonf/
ppftmPm&Sifpepf usifUoHk;í wdkif;jynfESifhvlrsdK;tm; wdk;wuf zGHUNzdK;atmif pGrf;aqmif EdkifcJUonfU tpdk;& tzGJU[lí urÇmUordkif;wGif r&SdcJhbl;yg/ odkUaomfvnf; ,aeUusaemfwdkU jrefrmEdkifiHudk vufeufudkifppfwyf tiftm;jzifh Ncdrf;ajcmufzdEdSyf tEdkifusifh Adkvfusum t"r® tkyfcsKyfaeaom ppftmPm&Sif tkyfpk\ vufatmufü wdkif;jynf\ taxGaxG tajctaeonf wjznf;jznf; qkwf,kwfedrfhyg;NyD; ? urÇmUtqif;&JqHk;EdkifiH pm&if;0if trGJqHk;EdkifiHjzpfaeayNyD/ xdkodkUtqdk;0g;qHk; tajctae a&mufaeonfUwdkif ppftmPm&Sif tkyfpkonf 4if;wdkY zefwD;aeaom tmPm&Sif ppftkyfcsKKyfa&; pepfjzifh wdkif;jynf\ vuf&Sdjzpfay:aeaom qif;&JrGJawjcif; ESifh qkwf,kwf edrfhyg;rI tajctaerS vGwfajrmufatmif pGrf;aqmifEdkifrI r&SdaMumif; tjrifrSef r&Edkif awmhbJ? 4if;wdkU ppftmPm&Sifpepf oufqdk;&Snfa&;ESifh 4if;wdkU\ om;csif;aqGrsdK; wodkuf csrf;om aumif;pm;a&;udkom? t&Sufw&m; uif;rJUpGmjzifh tpGrf;ukef? enf;vrf;pHk? aumufuspf &ufpufrIaygif;pHk oHk;í BudK;yrf; aqmif&Guf aeMu\/
jynfolvlxk wpf&yfvHk;rS a&G;aumuf wifajrSSSmufxm;aom jynfcspf EdkifiHa&; ygwDwpfck jzpfonfU? trsdK;om; 'Drdkua&pD tzGJUcsKyf\ acgif;aqmifrsm;tm; taMumif;rJh zrf;qD; xdef;odrf;xm;jcif;? 'Drdkua&pD&&Sda&; aqmif&Gufol rsdkkkK;cspf EdkifiHa&;orm; rnfolUudkrqdk &ufpufMurf;MuKwfpGm zrf;qD;EdSyfpuf owfjzwfjcif;? tjypfr&SdygbJ? om;csif; aqGrsdK; rusef zrf;qD; ESpf&Snf axmif'gPfrsm; ay;í? rsdK;qufwHk; okwfoifjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfum? &ufpufpGm zdESdyftkyfcsKyf aeMuonf/ wdkif;jynftm; tarSmifwdkuf vrf;rSm;odkU ZGwftwiff; oGwfoGif;qGJcs aeMuonf/ 4if;wdkUppfAdkvfcsKyfBuD; wpfpk tmPm wnfjrJa&; twGuf bmudkrqdk &ufpuf Murf;MuKwfpGm? jyKvkyfaeonfU tcsdefvnf;jzpf\/
vm'fpm;? jcpm;rIrsm;? rw&m;rIrsm;? Oya'rJhvkyf&yfrsm;? tmPm tvGJoHk;pm; vkyfí udk,fusdK;&SmaerIrsm;? Oya' bufawmfom;[k trnfcHxm;aom ppfbuf? e,fbuf tmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;rsm;\ jynfolvlxk tay:? rw&m;zdpD;ESdyfpuf tEdkifusifhí 4if;wdkU udkk,fusdL; pD;yGm;wpfckwnf; twGuf rw&m;pD;yGm; &SmazG aeMujcif;jzpfpOfrsm; wdkif;jynf\ ae&mtESHUwGif jzpfyGm;ae\/? Oya'\ txufwGif rnfolrQ r&Sdap&[k? trdefUxkwfjyefol tmPm&SifBuD; udk,fwdkifuyif rw&m; udk,fusKdk;pD;yGm; &SmazGaeoljzpfaejcif;? paom tem*wfjynfaxmifpk twGuf &wuf rat;pzG,f? &ifav;zG,f ? tajctaersm; aMumifU,aeU jrefrmEdkifiHudk pdk;rdk;tkyfcsLyf aeonfU jrefrm ppfwyftpdk;& \? ausmaxmuf aemufcH tjzpf &yfwnfaeaom jrefrmhwyfrawmfonf urÇmUvlxkBuD;\ a0zef &Iwfcsjcif;udk cH&,Hkomru? jrefrmwdkif;&if;om; taygif;? rdbjynfoltaygif;\ rvdkrkef;xm;jcif;? pufqkyf&GH&SmpGm a&Smif&Sm; z,fusOfcH&jcif;? arwåmw&m; uif;rJhpGm qufqHajymqdkcH&jcif;? ..paom &ifxkrem jzpfzG,f taMumif;rsm; jzpfay:vmaeay\/
trSefpifppf jrefrmh wyfrawmfonf jrefrmjynfolwdkU\? &ifESpfonf;csm om;&wem wUdkjzifh avhusifhzGJUpnf; wnfaqmufxm; aom tiftm;BuD;rm;onfU vufeufudkif tzGJUBuD;wzGJU jzpfonf/ jynfolUvlwef;pm; trsdL;rsdL;rS arG;zGm; vmaom vli,f rsdL;qufopf wdkUjzifhzGJUpnf; wnfaqmuf xm; aom vufeufudkif tzGJUBuD; wpfckom jzpfayonf/ jrefrm wdkif;&if;om; vlrsdL;pk tm;vHk;\ rnfonfU ,Ofaus;rI wGifjzpfap? vlwpfOD;onf rdrd\ aqGrsdL; om;csif;? rdbarmifbGm; rsm;\ rvdkrkef;xm; pufqkyf &GH&SmpGm qufqHcH&jcif;? atmhaMumhvefjcif;udk ESpfNcdKuf vdkvm;ol wpfOD; wpfa,mufrQ r&Sdyg/ rdrdESifhrdrd\ rdom;pkb0 0rf;a&;twGuf usifvnfvkyfudkif ae&aom wm0ef? tvkyftudkif? ywf0ef;usifESifh ywfoufNyD;? rdbaqGrsdL;ESifh taygif;toif;? oli,fcsif;wdkU\ MunfjzLESpfoufjcif;udk cH,lvdkMuonfcsnf;jzpf\/ tm;ay; axmufcHrI udk arQmfvifhol csnf;yif jzpf\/
,aeU jrefrmh wyfrawmfudk pwif wnfaxmifcJhaom trsdK;om; acgif;aqmifBuD; AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; \ 1944ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 31&uf? aeUwGif ajymMum;cJhaom rdefUcGef;yg....&nf&G,fcsufrsm;onf wdkif;jynfESifh vlrsdK;pk tm;vHk;twGuf tm;tif&SdzG,f&m? tm;udk;&m wyfrawmfBuD; tjzpf tm;udk;tm;xm;jyKEdkifzG,f tiftm;pkBuD; tjzpf arQmf&nf wnfaxmifcJJhjcif; jzpfonf/ xdkodkUaom rGefjrwfonfU &nf&G,fcsufwdkU jzifhwnfaxmifcJhonfU ppfwyf... ,aeU bmawGjzpfaeovJ ...
...'D wyfrawmf[m 'DEdkifiH? 'DvlrsdK;twGuf? 'DvlrsdK;awG&JU udk;uG,f&m? vJavsmif;&m? qnf;uyf&m qdkwJh taersdK;jzpf&r,f/ 'Dvdkr[kwfbJ 'Dwyfrawmf[m EdkifiHol ? EdkifiHom;awG&JU pdwfxJrSm atmhESvHk;em p&mjzpfaer,f qdkvdkU&Sd&if 'Dwyfrawmfudk wnfaxmifxm;cJhwJh &nf&G,fcsuf[m tvum;yJ jzpfr,f/ ...[k ...
trsdK;om; acgif;aqmifBuD; AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;u qdkcJh\/ olUpum; rSefuefatmifvnf; oludk,fwdkif pHerlemjy ppfacgif;aqmif tjzpf jynfolwdkU\ ,HkMunftm;udk;jcif; cH&atmif aecJh\/ rsdK;cspf wyfrawmfBuD; tjzpf atmifjrifpGm wnfaqmufcJh\/
jrefrmrsdK;cspf vli,frsm;\ pHerlemjy acgif;aqmifBuD;jzpfol AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef; \ wyfrawmf tay: xm;&SdcJhaom &nf&G,fcsuf oabmxm;onf ,aeU acwfwGif rSef rrSefawmh rod/ wyfrawmfudk pwif wnfaxmifcJhonfU trsdK;om; acgif;aqmifBuD;\ "gwfyHk udkyif rjrif&awmh/ rnfonfU ppfwyf? Xme &Hk;cef;wGifrS csdwfqGJcGifh r&Sdawmhay/ urÇmESifh w0ef; EdkifiH wumoHk;aiGaMu;rsm;wGif olwdkU EdkifiH twGuf udk,fusdK;pGefUvTwf? tepfem cHum vGwfvyfa&; &atmif toufpGefU BudK;yrf;cJhMuol rsdL;cspf tmZmenf wdkU\ "gwfyHk&kyfvTm udk wcrf;wem; &dkufESdyf *kPf,l 0ifh<um;pGm jrwfEdk;av;pm; wefzdk;xm; aecsdefwGif usaemfwdkU EdkifiHü aiGpuúLay:wGif a0;pG? rnfonfUae&mrSmrS trSwfw& tjzpfyif csdwfqGJ cGifh rjyKawmhonfudk tvGefw&m 0rf;enf;zG,f aumif;pGm awGUjrifae&onf/ &dkaoav;pm;rIjzifh trSwfw& jyKjcif;udkyif wm;jrpfydwfyif xm;,HkrQru? trsdK;om; acgif;aqmifBuD;rsm;\ tmZmenf pdwf"gwfudk jrwfEdk;av;pm;aom tm;jzifh AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;\ "gwfyHkudk w&dkwao tav;jyKrdol rsdK;cspf yk*¾dKvfwdkUtm; jyif;xefvSaom ESpf&Snfaxmif'gPfrsm; csrSwfum &uf&ufpufpuf ESdyfuGyfaeonfudk vnf; jynfol jynfom;tm;vHk;u &ifxkrem jzpfpGm awGUjrifae&avonf/
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odkUygaomfvnf; vuf&Sdatmufajc vufeufudkif ppfwyftwGif;wGif jzpfay:aeonfU rsdK;cspfppfonf omrefppfom; wdkU\ cHpm;csufrsm;? &ifxkrem tawG;rsm;? txuftmPmydkif wdkU\ rw&m;udk,fusdK;pD;yGm; &SmaeMuyHk rsm;udk NidKjiifuJh&JhaerIrsm;? vufawGU b0tay: tvdkrus? a'go jzpfaeonfU wyfrawmfom; wdkU\ &ifwGif; pdwfqE´rsm;udk ppfAdkvfcsKyfBuD;wdkU rod/ odatmifvnf; tm;rxkwf&JMuay/
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txufzg; atmufzdí? udk,fusdL; om &rnfqdkvQif rnfolU rsufESmrQ raxmuf &ufpuf,kwfrm atmufwef;uspGm ukvm;zefxdk; ESdrfESif;okwfoif? eif;cGausmfwuf? ckwHk;vkyf wwfonfU pdwf"gwf/ igwaum aumNyD; udk,fUjrif;udk,fpdkif; ppfudkif;a&mufa&muf jzpfcsif&mjzpf pdwf"gwf/ uvdefuuspf nmNzD; ajymqdkwwfNyD;? udk,fvdk&mqGJ vdrfnmwwfaom pdwf"gwf/ udk,fUvlrsdL;csif; axmifwGif;ydkUNyD; udk,fusdK;pD;yGm; &Smaom ykqdef&dk; tifaz:rm owif;ay; pdwf"gwf/ MoZm tmPm &SdolwdkU xH 'l;axmufcpm; NyD; rdrdtcGifhta&; awmif;&rf; wwfonfU olawmif;pm; pdwf"gwf/ rSefwm rajym&J rSefwm rvkyf&Jaom vlaMumufvlt pdwf"gwf/ om&mpD; udk,fusdL;&Smpdwf"gwf/ tcGifhta&; wck &zdkU twGuf rdrdudk,fusifUodu©mudkyif a&mif;pm;rnfU pdwf"gwf/ udk,fUudsK;pD;yGm; aumif;pm;zdkU udk,fhom;r,m; aumif;pm;zdkU twGuf rdrdwdkif;jynfESifh rdrdvlrsdL;udk a&mif;pm;onfU pdwf"gwf/ a&omcdk tacsmiform; pdwf"gwf/ c,0, aârSmufxdk; yifhaumf? az:vHzg; pdwf"gwf/ wdkif;cspf jynfcspf pdwfuif;rJhrI pdwf"gwf/ r&dk;om; rajzmifhrwfpGm EkdifiHa&; ckwHk;vkyfNyD; udk,fusdK;pD;yGm; &Smwwfaom pdwf"gwf/ tajym wpfrsdkL; tvkyfwpfrsdK; pdwf"gwf/ opömr&Sd uwd rwnfaom vlBuD;vlaumif; ryDoonfU pdwf"gwf/ vm'fpm; jc pm;wwfonfU pdwf"gwf/ vl&nfvnf yg;eyfvdr®mrIxuf ydkrdkaom zsHus aumufuspfwwfonfU pdwf"gwf/ vla&SUwGif w&m;rQw? ormorwf&Sdav [efaqmifNyD; uG,f&mwGif Mocs&avmufonfU atmufwef;usrI rsm;vkyfaom aMumifolawmf vlBuD;vlaumif; [efaqmifwwfonfU pdwf"gwf/ tmPm&Sdoludk 0yfwGm;c, NyD; udk,fudsK;wck twGuf tem;jym vkyfwwfaom az:vHzg; uifaywdkifh pum;jyef pdwf"gwf/ ykqdef&dk; opömazguf uGif;pvif (rdrdaumif;pm;zdkU wckwnf;twGuf wdkif;jynfwjynfvHk;udk emZD *smreD zufqpfwdkU tm; vufndK;xdk; a&mif;pm; cJhaom aemfa0 EdkifiH ppf0efBuD; wOD; ) pdwf"gwf/ vlvdrfvlaumuf? vl&IyfvlayG? vlavvlvGifh? vlaygvlcsm? vlysmvlcdk;? vlqdk;vlrdkuf? p&dkufpdwf"gwf/ tmPmwefcdk; rufarmwyfrufonfU pdwf"gwf/ w&,lNyD; wpfrSD EdIufrnfU pdwf"gwf/ b ESzl; odkufwl;rnfU pdwf"gwf/ paom paom ppftmPm&Sif ppfAdkvfcsKyfMuD;wdkU\ pHerlemjy? cH,lcsuf? pdwf"gwf? apmufusifh? vkyf&yfqdk;rsm;? jynfolrsm; tMum;? rsdL;qufopf vli,frsm; tMum; wjznf;jznf; ysHUESHU vdIufpm; vmjcif;jzifh EdkifiHBuD; wpfckvHk; ododomom qkwf,kwf edrfhyg; vmaecJh jcif;yif jzpf\/
xdktcsufrsm;xuf ydkrdkqdk;&Gm;vGef;onfrSm þa&GUþrQ csKyfcs,f wif;usyfvSygonf qdkaom ppftmPm&Sifacwf twGif;rS? tckwpfrsdK;awmfMum wpfrsdK;? tmPm&Sif AdkvfcsKyfBuD;rsm; tvdkus vdkovdk wif;avQmUEdkifonfU Oya'pnf;rsOf;rsm;? jyif;xef &ufpufvSaom jypf'gPfrsm;udk trIrxm;? *&krpdkufbJ EdkifiHcspfpdwf? wdkif;jynfcspfpdwf wpfckwnf;jzifhom? t&m&mudk raMumufr&GHU &ifqdkifí ppfrSefaom 'Drdkua&pDpepf ay:xGef;&&Sd vma&; aqmif&GufBudK;yrf;aeMuaom jynfolU om;aumif; rsdK;cspf tmZmenf vlawmf? vlaumif; rsm;udk &r,f&Sm zrf;qD; csKyfaESmif ESdyfpufjcif;? 4if; rsdK;cspfEdkifiHa&; vkyfaqmifolwdkUESifh ywfouf awmfpyfaom rdbaqGrsdK; om;csif; rusef? b0&yfwnf aerI ,dk,Gif; ysufjym; ,dkifeJU atmif t"r® enf;vrf; trsdK;rsdK;? rw&m;aom tEdkifusifhrI vkyf&yf trsdK;rsdK; oHk;í zdESdyff&ufpuf? uGyfnSufjcif;wdkUjzifU ppftmPm&Sif pepfudk aESmuf,Suf [efUwm;? uefUuGufvmol rSeforQudk okwfoif ESdyfuGyf z,f&Sm; aejcif; tajctaeqdk; rsm; jzpfayonf/
rnfonfUOya'? rnfonfU yk'frESifhrQ NidpGef;jcif;r&SdygbJvQuf tMurf;rzuf Nidrf;csrf;pGmjzifh ppfrSefwnfNidrfaom jrefrmU 'Drdkua&pD pepfay:xGef;vma&; aqmif&Gufaeaom trsdK;om;EdkifiHa&; vIyf&Sm; olrsm;ESifh? trsdL;om;EdkifiHa&; acgif;aqmifrsm;? vlxkacgif;aqmifrsm; jzpfaom OD;wifOD;? a':atmifqef;pkMunfESifh OD;cGefxGef;OD; tygt0if wdkif;&if;om; EdkifiHa&; acgif;aqmif rsm;pGmudk taMumif;rJh zrf;qD;csLyfaESmif xdrf;odrf; xm;onfrSmvnf; ,aeUurÇmw0ef; todyif jzpfonf/ þtaMumif;t&m wpfckwnf;jzifhyif jrefrmEdkifiHrS ppftmPm&Sif rsm;\ ,kwfrm qdk;0g; &ufpufyHkudk urÇmu rsuf0g;xifxif awGU&SdNyD;? &ufpufaom tmPm&Sifpepf\ vufatmufü qif;&JcsdKUwJhpGm aeMu&&Smaom? tjypfrJh wdkif;&if;om; jynfolrsm; tay: pmempGm? ulnDyHhydk;ay;Edkif&ef enf;vrf;&SmazG tajz xkwfaeMuNyD jzpfonf/
,aeU jrefrmouú&mZf 2006 ckESpftwGif;wGif jrefrmjynf ta&;ESifh ywfoufí jynfwGif;? jynfyurÇmU ae&mtESHU us,fus,fjyefUjyefU pOf;pm; oHk;oyf avhvm oHk;oyfí wpfpHkwpfckaom twdkif; twmtxd jyKjyifajymif;vJrI jzpfay:vmap&ef 0dkif;0ef;BudK;yrf; aqmif&Guf aeMuNyD jzpf\/
jynfwGif;jynfyrS rsdkK;cspfEdkifiHa&; tiftm;pkrsm; uvnf; tMurf; rzufaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;enf; vrf;pOfjzifh 'Drdkua&pD tjrefqHk; &&Sd&ef EdkifiHwum\ em;vnf axmufcHrIudk &,l BudK;yrf; aqmif&GufaeMuNyD; jynfolvlxk wpf&yfvHk;\ pdwfa&mudk,fyg tm;ay;axmufcHrIudk? ,ck&&Sdaeonfxuf ydkrdkjyif;xef cdkifrmaom pkpnf;nDnGwfpGm aygif;pnf;rIudk? tjrefqHk; &&Sdwnfaqmuf Edkif&ef BudK;yrf; aqmif&Guf aeMucsdefjzpf\/ jrefrmjynfzGm; wdkif;&if;om; jynfolrsm;xJrS udk,fUarG;&yfajr? þwdkif;jynfudk ppfrSefpGm jrwfEdk;av;pm; cspfcifaom trsdK;om;? trsdK;orD; vlBuD; vli,f tm;vHk; wdkUonf trdjrefrmjynfudk þppftmPm&Sif pepfqdk;atmufrS tjrefqHk; vGwfajrmufa&; twGuf jzpfwefpGrf;aom enf;vrf; aygif;pHkjzifh? pkpnf;nDnGwfpGm? 0dkif;0ef; MudK;yrf; aqmif&Guf&ef tcsdeftcg usa&mufaeNyD jzpfaMumif;? tav;*&k jyKrdygap&ef &nf&G,fí? usaemf rdsL;cspfppfAdkvf ESifh rdsL;cspf ppfom;rsm;rS vIHUaqmf wdkufwGef; &if;? udk,fwdkif vnf; pHerlemjy tjzpf wdkif;jynf\ ta&;t&m wdkUwGif wwfpGrf; orQ yl;aygif;ulnD aqmif&Gufaeyg\/
wdkif;jynf wm0ef xrf;aqmif aeonf[k rdrdwdkU bmom &dk;om;pGm ,HkMunfxm;Muaom? t&m&Sd(ac:) ppfAdkvf vlwef;pm; wpf&yf? ppfwyf vufeufudkif tzGJUtpnf; wpf&yf twGif;? ppfAdkvfcsKyfBuD; rsm;u txufyg trsdkK;om;ta&;? EdkifiHa&; vIyf&Sm; aqmif&Gufaeolrsm; tay: rvdkrkef;xm; pdwf? qefUusifvdkpdwfjzpffay:aeatmif ppfwyfwGif; trIxrf;rsm;tm; em;vnfrI ? cH,lrI vGJrSm;ap&ef yg;eyfpGm 0g'jzefUxm;jcif; cHcJh&rSef; usaemfwdkU rsdK;cspfppfonf trsm;pku ,aeUtcsdefwGif od&SdvmayNyD? ppfwyf vTrf;rdk;aom EdkifiH tkyfcsKyfa&; pepf ESifh ywfoufí ppftmPm&Sif pepfqdk;wnfwHha&; wpfckwnf; twGufom cH,lusifh oHk;csuf0g'a&;&m vrf;vGJrIrsm;jzifh rdrdwdkU wyfzGJU0ifrsm;\ vkyfaqmifaeMu& rIrsm;udk t[kwfxifaeatmif vdrfnm 0g'jzefUxm;jcif;cH&rSef; cHpm;em;vnf od&Sdvmol rsm;pGmwdkU ay:aygufvmayNyD? BuHK&m? &&mtajctaersm;udk pl;prf;avhvm&mrS wqifhwufum? ordkif;ay: tajcjyKaom EdkifiHa&; qifhuJ ajymif;vJrI tay: avhvmoHk;oyfjcif;? owif;enf;ynm? vGwfvyfaom jynfolU tusdL;jyK pmtkyfpmayESifh urÇmU vGwfvyfaom owif;rD'D,m rsm;rSwqifh qef;ppf avhvmjcif; tawGUtBuHKawG &vmrS rdrdwdkU b0 tajctaerSefawG odvmcJUMu\/
ppftmPm&Sifpepf\ aMumuf&GUHxdwfvefU zG,faumif;vSonfU acwfESifh ravsmfnDawmhaom ya'o&mZf qefqef? tmPmoHk; udk,fusdK;&Smolrsm; BuD;pdk;zdkU tcsif;csif; tmPm pm;cGufvkaeMuyHkrsm;? olwdkUwefcdk; MoZm BuD;rm;rI taxmuftuljyKonfU vlowfvufeuf? tzsufvufeufrsm; 0,f,lEdkif&ef EdkifiHjcm;aiG &onfUenf;jzifh &SmaeMuyHkrsm;? wdkif;jynf\ a&&Snf tarGtESpfrsm;? jynfolwdkif;ydkifqdkifonfU o,HZmw t&if;tjrpfrsm;udk olwdkU bdk;bGm;ydkif tarGuJhodkU vufndK;xdk;a&mif;pm; aeaom ppfAdkvfcsKyfrsm; \ tawG;tac: rJhpGm vkyfcsif&m vkyfaerI vkyf&yfrsm; rsm;aMumifh? wdkif;jynfwjynfvHk;? vlrsdK;wrsdK;vHk; urÇmhajray:rS aysmufxGufoGm;Edkifonf txd pdk;&drfzG,faumif; vSaom tem*wf ta&; awG;qylyifvmrdonf/ ,aeU wdkif;jynftay: pepfqdk;BuD; wpfckjzifh? *kwfydk;cGpD; zsufqD;aeonfU ppftmPmydkif tcGifhxl;cH vlwef;pm; wpf&yftwGif; &dk;om;pGm wdkif;jynfudk cspfcifjrwfEdk; aom pdwf"gwf? t&if;cHxm;um? twwfEdkifqHk; udk,fusifhodu©m xdef;odrf;í usifvnf jzwfoef; aecJhaom rsdL;qufopf vli,ft&m&Sd wpfOD;\ ,aeUjzpfay:aeaom trdEdkifiH twGif; aumif;rI? qdk;rI taxGaxG tajctae t&yf&yftay:? yGifhvif; &dk;om;pGm &IjrifoHk;oyf rdorQtm;? wwfpGrf;em;vnf oa&GU pDpOf a&;om; wifjyoGm;jcif;om jzpfygí? jzKwf owÅ0gi,f\ tawG;tac: rQ? ta&;tom; i,frQom [k qdkcsifqdk? rSwfcsufjyKvdku jyKyg/ wdkif;jynf tem*wftwGuf aumif;rGefaom OD;wnfcsufjzifh ta&;BuD;aom u@rsm;tm; jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;rsm; vkyfaqmif&mwGif wenf; wa'gifhrS? wpHkwckaom twdkif; twm e,fy,f wcsdKUtxd taxmuftul jyKEkdifvQif usaemhf &nf&G,fcsuf txajrmufyg\/ tyifyef;cH pGefUvTwf ay;qyf&usdL;eyf yg\/
ppftmPm&Sifpepf vnfywfa&; t"du,EÅ&m; wpfckjzpfaom jrefrmhwyfrawmf twGif; jzpfay:cHpm;ae&aom wu,fh tajctaerSefrsm;? rsdK;cspfjrefrmh wyfrawmf[laom tpOftquf *kPfa&mif xGef;ajymifvmcJhaom ,aeU jrefrm wyfrawmf\ ,aeUumv atmufajc tzJGUtpnf; rsm;twGif; jzpfay: cHpm;aeMu&aom vufawGUb0rsm;udk jynfolvlxk wpf&yfvHk;? urÇmUvlom;rsm; tm;vHk; odjrifem;vnf vmEdkifap&ef twGuf jrefrmhwyfrawmf (ac:) vufeufudkif ppfwyftwGif;odkU usaemf pwif 0ifa&mufcJhcsdef rS pí ,aeU 2005ckESpf 0ef;usiftxd &ifqkdifjzwfoef; awGUBuHKcJh&orQ taMumif;tusdK;? taumif; tqdk; tm;vHk;udk rcRif;rcsef wifjyoHk;oyf az:jy oGm;rnfjzpf\/
ed'gef;wGif tpysdK; az:jycJhNyD;aom jrefrmEdkifiH? jyifOD;vGifNrdKU&Sd ppfwuúodkvfodkU usaemfpwif wufa&muf ynm oifMum;&ef BudK;pm;cJhonfU tcsdef rSpwifí? jrefrmhrsdK;cspf vli,fwpfOD;\ rdrdEdkifiHESifh EdkifiHa&;pepf tay: em;vnfoHk;oyf &IjrifrdorQwdkUudk a&;om; jyKpkí wifjyoGm;ygrnf/ aemifwpfacwf\ atmifppfonf rsm;jzpfaom ,aeU jrefrmh wyfrawmfrS rsdL;cspf ppfom;rsm; taejzifh ? rdrdwdkU wdkif;jynfudk "g;rdk; tkyfcsKyf aeaom pepfqdk;BuD; jzpfonfU ppftmPm&Sif pepfwnfwHh vnfywfa&;? zdESdyftkyfcsLyfrI ,Eå&m;BuD;twGif; rodem;rvnfpGmjzifh udk,fwdkifyg0if aeMu&aom b0rS? vQifjrefpGm &kef;xGuf vGwfajrmuf Ekdifa&;? OD;aqmif vrf;jytjzpf rdrdwdkUudk,fwdkif jzwfoef; &ifqdkifaecJhMu&aom ppfwyfwGif; tawGUtBuHK? tajctae? tqdk; taumif; tusdK;taMumif; rsm;udk tajccHum (wyfrawmf\ oabmxm; trSefrsm;udk odjrifvmum ) trSefw&m; udk&Ijrif oHk;oyfem;vnf vufcHvmMuNyD;? trd jrefrmjynf \ tem*wfwGif vGwfvyf zGHUNzdK;aom 'Drdkua&pD EdkifiHawmfBuD;tjzpf? tjrefqHk; ay:ayguf Ekdifa&; BudK;yrf;rI jzpfpOfrsm;wGif? tkwfwpfcsyf? oJwpfyGifhrsm; tjzpf yg0ifBudK;yrf; vmEkdif Muygapjcif;iSm &nfarQmf qE´ a&SUxm;NyD; a&S;OD; pGefUvTwfay;qyf aejcif;jzpfygonf/ 'Drdkua&pD jrefrmjynfwnfaqmufa&; ordkif;wGif wenf;wzHk taxmuftul jyKEkdifrnf[k av;av;eufeuf ,HkMunfcsufjzifh? ppfrSefaom rsdK;cspfpdwfwpfck udkom t&if;cH apwem xm;í þpmpkrsm;udk BudK;pm;jyKpk a&;om; oGm;rnf jzpfygonf/
aemufwpfywfwGif ppfwuúodkvf\ ppft&m&Sdavmif;? Adkvfavmif;rsm; avhusifh oifMum;ay;yHk rsm;udk az:jy &Sif;vif; oHk;oyfcsufrsm;ESifh wuG qufvufaz:jyygrnf/ þwpfywf þrQjzifh em;cGifhjyKyg/ aus;Zl;wifygonf/
(rsKd;cspf wyfrawmf t&m&Sd wpfOD;)
quf&ef/
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