Read the following in Win-Innwa font.

,aeU  ppfwyf... bmawGjzpfaeovJ (2)

(,cif tywfrS tquf.....)

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 vli,fxk\ taxGaxG pm&dwå nHUzsif;usqif;&jcif;\ t"du t&if;tjrpfrSm udk,fpGrf;udk,fp &Sdp&m rvdk? a&omcdk tacsmifvdkufEdkifaom pdwf"gwfrsm; arG;jrLcGifh ay;cJhaom ausmif;ynm oifMum;a&; (ausmif;tm;vHk;awmh r[kwfyg ) pepfrS wm0efrJh ynma&; 0efxrf;tcsdKU\ trSm;o&kyfjy oifMum;ay;cJhaom vkyf&yfrsm;u tajccHjzpfNyD;? rdbaqGrsdK; om;csif;ESifh tkyfxdef;ollwdkU\ udk,fwdkifvnf; rdrdwdkU b0 tem*wfESifh EkdifiHhta&; BudKwif rwGufqwwfrI? roGefoifrI? udk,fwdkifudk,fus rodem;rvnfrIrsm; aMumifh t&m&mudk avhvmoif,laeol vli,fwdkU xl;cRefxufjrufonfU vlawmf vlaumif;rsm; rjzpfvmEdkifcJh jcif;jzpfonf/ rdb tkyfxdef; olrsm;u xdktajccH taMumif;&if;wdkUudk odem;vnfcJh ygaomfvnf; pHerlemjy tjzpf trSefw&m; bufrS&J&J&ifh&ifh axmufcHaom tawG;tac:? vkyf&yfrsm; vkyfaqmif jyoEdkifjcif; uif;rJhatmif pepfwus zefwD;xm;aom aMumufrufzG,f ppftkyfcsKyfa&; pDrHcsuf rsm;aMumifh qdkaomqifajcjzifh owåd&Sd&Sd rvkyf&J rawG;&J? NrdKodyfqJqdk aeaecJhMuaom vlvwfydkif;? vlBuD;ydkif; tcsdKU\ &J&ifhrI tm;enf;jcif; pHerlemawGuvnf; a&epfol 0g;ulxdk; ovdk vli,fawG tawG; tjrifydwf qdkUapcJhonf/ ? cH,lcsufrsm; vrf;vGJrItay: yHhydk;tm;ay; ulnDcJhMu ovdk jzpfapcJJh olrsm;jzpfonf/ rsdK;&dk;ESifh csDí ,cifu r&SdcJhbl;ao;onfU t&m&mudk aMumufwwfaom? NrdKodyfBudwfrSdwf cHpm;wwfaom pdwfudk yHhydk;  arG;jrLap cJhovkdjzpfcJh&\/

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xdkESpf xdkumv twGif;u jrefrmEdkifiH\ ynma&; u@rS ynm oifMum;rI? pmayESifh twwfynm wwfajrmufrI wdkUwGif ynmoifol ausmif;om;?ausmif;ol \ yifudk,f tpGrf;tpjzifh t&nftcsif;ppf pmar;yGJrsm;udk ajzqdkatmifjrifEdkifcJhMuolrsm; &SdouJhodkU tmPmtul? aqGrsdL;tul? &mxl;tulwdkUjzifh ajzqdk atmifjrif EdkifMuonfU ray:vGif? rxif&Sm;cJUonfU rormaom enf;vrf; jzpf&yf rsm;pGmwdkU &Sifoef vIyf&Sm; aecsdefvnf; jzpf\/ twef; ynm oif&dk;udk jzwfausmf atmifjrifapaMumif;? rormaom Oya'rJU jzwfvrf; enf;rsm;jzifh BudK;pm; cJhMuonfU jzpfpOfrsm; EdkifiHtESHU [dkrS onfrS? jzpfyGm;aecJhaom tcsdefvnf;jzpf\/

ausmif;rsm;wGif pmroif? csJxD?ESpfvHk;xD xdkifwGufaeum ausmif;om; wdkUjzpfcsif&mjzpf? olESifh rqdkif ovdkae aomq&m? q&mrwdkUu? 4if;wdkU ynma&; |meqdkif&m? wm0ef&Sdol[k 4if;wdkUbmom aMumfnm xm;aom ppftmPmydkifrsm; pmoif ausmif;odkU vmppfvQif? xdkwm0efrJh aewwfovdk aeum udk,fusdL;&Smaeaom q&m? q&mrwdkU onf txuf tmPmydkif qdkoludk zdeUfzdefUwkefrQ aMumufvefU[efjzifh vuftkyf av;csDum ?rdrdwdkU\ udk,fudsL; pD;yGm; &yfwnfa&; twGuf rw&m;aom enf;vrf; aygif;pHkjzifh b0&yfwnf ae&jcif;udk iJhnSm oem;? em;vnfcGifhvTwf ygapaMumif; awmif;yef ajymqdk jyKrlaeMu ovdk? bmrS rodem;rvnfaom tjypf[lí jrLwpfrIefrQ r&SdonfU usaemwdkU t&G,f ausmif;om;? ausmif;ol vli,fwdkUudk vnf; xdkppftmPmydkif BuD;rsm;udk twif;tusyf ? vuftkyfcsDrdk; &Sdcdk;cdkif;\/ uefawmhcdkif;\/ rsufESmvdk? rsufESm&? az:vHzg;NyD; udk,fusdL;&Sm? om&mpD;? tcGifhta&; ,lwwf&yHk pdwf"gwfESifh? rSm;,Gif;aom udk,fusifh pHEIef;wdkUudk oifMum;  &dkufoGif; ay;ae\/

 xdkodkU vuftkyfcsD &Sdcdk;awmif;yefNyD;? aemufuG,f vkyfcsif &mvkyfcGifh&SdonfU? ya'o&mZf tkyfcsKyfa&; yHkpHudk? OmPfeD OmPfeuf oHk;um enf;rsdL;pHkjzifh &atmif taumif txnf az:aeaom ppftmPm&SifBuD; rsm;uawmh auseyf tm;&pGmjzifh xdkq&maMumuf? q&ma&Smf wdkUtm; qkawmf? vm'fawmfrsm;? ygrpfrsm; ay;oem;awmfrl\/ ynma&; oifMum;&if;rS? udk,fusdL; &SmydkifcGifhrsm;? ausmif;om; rdb rsm;udk vnfyif;eif; aiGnpfcGifh? tdrfac:NyD; usL&Sifoifum aiG&SmydkifcGifh? ausmif;om; tcsif;csif;Mum;rS aiGwwfEkdifol om;?orD;udkom ynm tenf;i,foif ay;NyD; qif;&Jol om;orD;rsm; jzpfcsif&mjzpf vpfvsL&I ypfy,fxm;ydkifcGifh paom r[m tcGifhta&;rsm;jzifh csD;jrSifh\/

4if;aemuf ,if;wdkUtm; aMumufvefU wMum;? 0yfwGm; c, tvkyftauW; jyKaeonfU vli,fvl&G,frsm; udkMunfUum? vlpGrf;vlp tifrwef nHUonfU? qifjcifwHkw&m; rJhaom? awG;ac: ajrmfjrifrI r&Sdaom? xm;&mae ap&moGm;NyD;? vlvpfvQif xif&m vkyfum?  tmPm&Sdoludk awGUvQif aMumuf&GHU pdk;xdwf[efjzifh awmif;yef &Sdcdk;rnfU? aMumifolawmf rsdL;qufopf av;rsm; pepfwus ay:xGufvm awmhrnfrdkU ppftmPmydkifrsm; ESvHk;yDwd *Grf;qDxd ? aysmfwNyHK;NyHK? yDwd wjzmjzm / 'DyHkpHawGudk 0g'jzefUcsDa&;? rD'D,mawGu wcrf;wem; vTifhxkwf jyoae\/ xdkuJhodkU zg;wwf? ,m;wwfpGm tmPmydkifwdkUudk jyKrlqufqHNyD;? tqifhtwef;rJhaom tusifhrSm; wdkUudk pHerlemjy tjzpf oifMum;ay; aeaom udk,fusifh odu©mwefzdk; vHk;0r&SdonfU ausmif;q&m? ausmif;q&mr trnfcH 0dor avmbom; tcdsLUurdrdtdrfwGif tcaMu;aiG ay;NyD;? usL&Sif vmwufaom ausmif;om;udkrS pmoifay;aom ynma&; pepfqdk;BuD;u 0Hh<um;pGm atmifvHxlaecsdef udk usaemfwdkU vli,frsm; jzwfausmf awGUBuHKcJh&\/

vuf&Sd ynmoifMum;a&; pepfwGif wm0ef xrf;vQuf &Sdaom ausmif;q&m? q&mr tm;vHk;wdkUu xdk p&dkufqdk;? tpOftvm qdk;udk vufcH? ,HkMunf vdkufyg vkyfaqmif Muonf r[kwfyg/ jywfjywfom;om; qefUusif uefUuGufum? tmPm &SifBuD; rsm;udk vuftkyfcsDrdk;? r&Sdcdk;ol q&mjrwf ? q&maumif; wdkUudkvnf; usaemfwdkU awGUjrifcJh&\/ pdwfraumif; jzpfzG,f t"du tcsufrSm? xdk q&maumif;? q&mjrwfwdkUonf pdwfxm; rrSefol pD;yGm;a&;orm; ausmif;q&mrsm; ESifh,SOfvQif vGefpGm qif;&JcsdKUwJh rGJawpGm? vlrI b0&yfwnf aeMu&jcif; jzpfyg\/ &dk;om;rI udkjrwfEdk;aom jynfoljynfom; rsm;? ausmif;om; vli,frsm;u xdkq&maumif;? q&mjrwfwdkUtm; rnfrQyif EGrf;yg;csdLUwJhaeygap /av;pm; cspfcifvQuf &SdjrJyifjzpf\/ t"du tm;jzifh qdkvdkonfrSm tkyfcsKyfrI pepfrSm;,Gif;pGmjzifh rdrdwdkU wpfukd,faumif;usdK;udk wdkif;jynf aumif;usdK;xuf OD;pm;ay;aom acgif;aqmifrsm;\ vufatmuf trSefwu,f jzpfysufaeaom tajctaerSef rsm;udk ppfAdkvfcsKyfBuD;rsm;u rodonfvm;? odvsuf rod[efaqmif onfvm; rodEdkifyg/ aemifa&; arQmfawG; ylyefwwfol rsLd;cspfpdwf"gwf&Sdol tm;vHk;twGuf EkdifiHh tem*wf ta&;onf tvGef&ifav;zG,f&m qkwf,kwfrI qD OD;wnfaeonfrSm aocsmvS\/ usaemf wifjycJhaom vli,frsm; a&vdkufvGJNyD; pdwfcH,lcsuf tvGJrsm;aemuf aumufaumufygatmif qGJaqmifpnf;&Hk;aeonf U rsKd;zsuf0g'jzifh csnf;uyfvmaeaom usL;ausmfa&; tiftm;BuD; 0g'&Sif uGefjrLepf EdkifiHBuD;\ odrf;ydkufcH&rI udk ododBuD;ESifh cHcJh&onf qdkaom ordkif;jzpfpOfwdkY  rjzpfapcsifí ysufpD;,dk,Gif;vmaeonfU owdxm;tyfaom taMumif;t&m rsm;udk xif;xif;jrifomatmif wifjyaejcif; jzpfayonf? tqdk;csnf;om zGHUxGm;yGm;rsm; aeonfr[kwfyg/ EdkifiH tem*wf twGuf rdrdwdkUudk,f rdrd xdef;odrf;jyKjyif apmifha&SmufrGrf;rH aeaom rsdL;qufopfvli,frsm; pGm&Sdaeao;aMumif; ,ckpmpkrsm;rS wqifh&ifzGifh wifjyygrnf/

usaemfwdkUacwf rS ysif;&daom ausmif;om;? vli,fwdkU? rsm;aom tm;jzifh a&vdkufvTJ vrf;rSm;a&muff oGm;wwfMu onfrSm twef;wif pmar;yJG eD;uyfumrS 4if;udk,fusdL;&Sm q&mwdkU\ cefUrSef; ar;cGef;rsm; udkom tvGwf&atmif wGef;oif? wGef;usufapNyD;?  ajzqdk&aom? 0ifaMu;rsm;pGm ay;&onfU teD;uyf usL&Sifwuf ajzqdkjcif;jzpfonf/ tpdk;& ppf[kac:aom twef;wif pmar;yGJ ar;cGef;BuD; rsm;uvnf; rMumcP qdkovdk ausmif;om; vli,fxk a&SUarSmuf odkU pmar;yGJ umv rwdkifrDuyif BudKwif &ESifh aewwfaom? pmar;yGJ ar;cGef;aygufMum;rI jzpfpOfrsm; uvnf; rMumrMum jzpfay:aecsdef? tu,fí þrQ tvG,fwul t&nfcsif;rJhpGm jzwfausmf atmifjrifEdkifa&;? tmPmydkif ppfAdkvfcsLyfBuD; rsm;u ay:ay:xifxif wzHk? aemufuG,fu wpfrsdL;? trsdL;rsdL;? ulnD yHhydk; aeygvsuf? tvGeftifrwef nHUzsif;ol vlxHk? vlay? vlnHUwdkU  pmar;yJGwGif rajzqdkEdkifcJhaom tcgwGifvnf; ylyifpdk;xdwfzG,f r&Sday? pmppfol q&m? q&mr? ausmif;tkyfESifh wm0ef&Sdol tmPmydkif wdkUxH csnf;uyfNyD; aiGaMu;? wefpdk; vufaqmif ay;í pmar;yJG wGif rdrd rajzqdk Edkifxm;jcif;udk ulnD u,fr ay;yg&ef wdk;vsdK; awmif;yef? c,? 0yfwGm;vdkuf,Hk rQjzifh twef;wif? t&nftcsif; ppfar;onf qdkaom xdk pmar;yJGudkvnf; atmifjrif atmif zefwD; EdkifpGrf; &SdMuonfU umvjzpf\/

 xdkUtjyif tvGefw&mrQ xl;qef;tHhMozG,f aumif;aom enf;vrf; wpfckvnf; &Sdao;\/ ,if;rSm ppftmPmydkifrsm; udk,fwdkif ,HkMunfpGm vkyfaqmif aeaom aA'if? ,Mwm? udef;cef; wdkUjzifU BudKwif wGufcsufum pmar;yGJwGif; ar;EdkifrnfU ar;cGef;udk BudKwif jyifqifwGufqvQuf?  pwdoabm usufrSwfolESifh? aA'if ,Mwmaqmifum tydkifcdk;cs&ef BudK;pm;ol vlysuf? vlysif;wdkU vnf; emrnfaumif; &aecsdef? vlrsm;pGmwdkY\ t[kwfBuD;xifrSwf cHae&csdef jzpf\/

 xdktcsdef xdkumvu jrefrmh ynma&;ESifh ywfoufí ppftmPmydkifrsm; a<u;aMumf aecJhaom aqmifyk'f tcsdLUudk rSwfrdygao;onf/ ynmjrifhrS? vlrsdL;wifh rnf/ ynma&;jzifh acwfrSD EdkifiHawmfBuD; wnfaqmuftHh/ paom rpm;& 0cref; a<u;aMumfoH rsm;jzifU rodem;rvnf? todr<u,f ao;aom ausmif;om; vli,fxktm; txifBuD;pzG,f jzpfatmif rIdif;wdkuf odrf;oGif; xm;EkdifcJhonf/ ,aeUtcsdeftcg wGifawmh acwfvli,f wdkUonf rxHk? rt awmh ay/ ppftmPm&SifBuD; rsm;\ pepfqdk; wnfwHha&; 0g'jzefUcsuf rsm;udk ,HkrSwf? yHktyfol enf;yg; vmaMumif; ? usaemfwdkU avhvm awGU&SdaeNyDjzpf\/

usaemfwdkU vlvm;ajrmufump? qdkcJhNyD;aom  t&yfom; ynma&;pepfu ra&r&mjzpfaecsdef? jrefrm tpdk;&xkwf owif;pm? *sme,f? &kyfjrifoHMum;? rJDJ'D,m aygif;pHkwdkUwGif jrefrmhrsdK;cspf wyfrawmfBuD;\ pkpnf;nDnGwf? awmifhwif; cdkifrmyHk? acwfrSD wyfrawmfBuD; tjzpf zGJUpnf; wnfaqmuf awmhrnfUyHkrsm;? a0a0qmqm? NrdKifjrdKifqdkifqdkif? tm;us vkcref; a&;om;az:jyMu\/ owif;? pmay vGwfvyfrI r&Sdaom jreffrmEdkifiHwGif;rS? vli,fwdkUonf jrif&? awGU&orQ? rjrifcsif? rawGUcsifvnf; awGUae&aom  jrefrm owif;pmrsm;rS ppfwyf aumif;pm;a&; twGuf ppf0g' jzefUcsufrsm;udk t[kwfBuD; xifrSwf ,HkMunfcJhMu\/

 wdkif;jynfESifh vlrsdK; twGuf toufyifay;um? umuG,f apmifha&Smuf aeonf qdkaom wyfrawmf tpdk;& vufxuf? t&m&monf todydwf? tjrifydwfjzpfí b0 tawGUtBuHK Eke,fao;ol vli,fwdkU jrifjrif&m tm;us rufarmvmonfrSm rqef;/ usaemfwdkU jrefrmEdkifiHBuD; NydKuGJysufpDJ;rnfU ab;tEÅ&m,f acsmufurÇm;BuD;xJ usvkwJwJ tajctaeqdk;BuD; twGif;rS vufrwifav; vGwfajrmuf atmif pGefUpm;u,fwif apmifha&Smufum? ,aeU jrefrmEkdifiHudk tkyfcsKyfaecJh &onfqdkaom wyfrawmf tpdk;& ac: EdkifiHawmf Nidrf0yfydjym;a&;ESifh zGHUNzdK;a&; aumifpD vufxufü wdkif;jynfBuD; ,cifuESifh rwl xl;jcm;pGm zGHUNzdK; wdk;wufaeNyD tp&SdonfU aMumfjimcsuf rsm;udk ,Hkpm;rdí? wdkif;jynf ESifh vlrsdL;wdkUudk umuG,f apmifha&SmuftHh [k a<u;aMumfNyD; jrefrmh rsdK;cspf wyfrawmfBuD;  twGif; ppfrI wm0ef xrf;aqmif&ef 0ifa&mufMuonfU vli,f rsm;xJwGif usaemfvnf; wpfOD; tygt0if jzpfygonf/

þwpfywf þrQjzifhem;cGifhjyKyg/ a&SUwpfywfwGif qufvufaz:jyygrnf/

aus;Zl;wif&SdpGmjzifh

(rsKd;cspf wyfrawmf t&m&Sd wpfOD;) 

quf&ef/ 

1 )

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